CYBERSPACE AND NATIONAL SECURITY


March 2008

Compiled by Debra Alexander
Bibliographer, Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center
Maxwell AFB, AL


Contents

The appearance of hyperlinks does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Air Force of this web site or the information, products, or services contained therein.  For other than authorized activities such as military exchanges and morale, welfare and recreation sites, the U.S. Air Force does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations.  Such links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this DoD web site.

Some materials listed below require access to subscription databases.  If you cannot gain access, contact your local library for availability.  AU students and faculty can contact the Center's Web Maintainer for a password.

All sites listed were last accessed on March 7, 2008.


Internet Resources


AFCYBER
Available online at:  http://www.afcyber.af.mil/
Information about the Air Force Cyber Command.

Aftab, Parry.  The PR Professional's Role in Handling Cyberwarfare.  Public Relations Strategist 11:28 Summer 2005.
Available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=885859521&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Air Force Institute of Technology.  Center for Cyberspace Research.
Available online at:  http://www.afit.edu/ccr/

Air War College Gateway.  Cyberspace and Information Operations Study Center
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/info-ops/index.htm
Links to information on cyberspace, network warfare, electronic warfare and influence operations.

Arwood, Sam.  Cyberspace as a Theater of Conflict:  Federal Law, National Strategy and the Departments of Defense and Homeland Security.  Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, Air Force Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and Management, June 2007.  138 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA471536
“A review and evaluation of the legal relationships between the Combatant Commanders, the Services, and DoD agencies with respect to cyberspace.  Evaluation of military cyberspace activities and responsibilities.  Includes a brief look at cyberspace activities not yet addressed by DoD but soon to be a responsibility of the Department.”

Assistant Secretary of Defense, Networks and Information Integration.  Department of Defense Net-Centric Spectrum Management Strategy, by John G. Grimes.  Arlington, VA, August 3, 2006.  18 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA454462
"The purpose of this document is to better manage the Department's Radio Frequency Spectrum, a finite resource, which is essential in accomplishing the Department's warfighting mission.  Pursuant to the President's Management Initiative and the Department of Defense's Transformation, the Spectrum Management Strategy will improve the management of this vital resource now and in the future."--Abstract from publication.

Calculating Cyber Attack Threats.  Scientific Computing 24:10 March 2007.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=24467546&site=ehost-live
"Features the Cyber Threat Calculator invented by the University of New Hampshire.  The calculator assesses the threat posed to specific sectors that rely on information technology.  When analysts enter data for a particular entity into the calculator, it assigns values to variables which shows the actor's intent to use cyber warfare means and its technological capabilities to enact such means.  The higher the value in the calculator, the greater the threat."--Abstract from Web site.

Cyber Storm Exercise.  Department of Homeland Security, September 2006.
Available online at:  http://www.dhs.gov/xnews/releases/pr_1158340980371.shtm
Includes Fact Sheet and Exercise Report.

Defense Spectrum Organization
Available online at:  http://www.disa.mil/dso/index.html
"The Defense Spectrum Organization is responsible for electromagnetic spectrum analysis and the development of integrated spectrum plans and long-term strategies to address current and future needs for DoD spectrum access."

Department of Homeland Security Cyber Security.  NIPP-Cyber Security:  Implementing the National Infrastructure Protection Plan
Available online at:  http://www.us-cert.gov/reading_room/infosheet_NIPP.pdf

Devost, Matthew G. and Pollard, Neal A.  Taking Cyberterrorism Seriously.  June 27, 2002.
Available online at:  http://www.terrorism.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=Documents&file=get&download=21
"Failing to adapt to emerging threats could have dire consequences."

DIME:  Information as Power.
Available online at:  http://www.carlisle.army.mil/dime/
"An online resource that provides an electronic library of current and historical articles and documents.  Its purpose is to facilitate an understanding of the information element of power in order to better address national security issues."--Abstract from Web site.

Dobrzeniecki, Karol.  How Should We Deal with Human Rights in Cyberspace?  International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 19:253-258 November 2005.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=18945553&site=ehost-live

Fahrenkrug, David T.  The Age of Cyber Warfare.  The Wright Stuff November 29, 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/aunews/archive/0222/Articles/TheAgeofCyberWarfare.html

Fahrenkrug, David T.  Cyberspace Defined
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/aunews/archive/0209/Articles/CyberspaceDefined.html

Gaudin, Sharon and Greenemeier, Larry.  Cyberwarfare:  A Realistic Appraisal.  InformationWeek No. 1141:49 June 2007.
Available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1288835551&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD
"Distributed denial-of-service attacks are particularly difficult to prevent and require a lot of coordination to contain the damage when multiple sites are hit.  Communication and cooperation between government officials and private-sector critical infrastructure owners is essential."--Abstract from Web site.

Global Cyberspace Integration Center
Available online at:  http://www.gcic.af.mil/
Site offers publications, news, and videos. “The Air Force Global Cyberspace Integration Center, slated to transition into AFCYBER, teams with major commands, joint and coalition partners, national agencies, industry and academia to develop, integrate and standardize air, space, and cyberspace components.”--Abstract from Web site.

Greenemeier, Larry.  Cyberwarfare:  By Whatever Name, It's on the Increase.  InformationWeek No. 1145:32 July 2-9, 2007.
Available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1304891351&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD
"Security pros are hesitant to label Web attacks as "cyberterrorism" because of the volatile connotations of that phrase.  But recent events in England and Russia point to an increased use of the Web to coordinate or launch such attacks aimed at cultural and political subversion.  A British court last week handed down prison sentences of up to 10 years to three Muslim men it called "cyber-jihadis" and convicted of using the Internet to urge Muslims to wage holy war on non-Muslims."--Abstract from Web site.

Hare, Forrest B.  Air Force Strategy for Cyberspace.  The Wright Stuff November 29, 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/aunews/archive/0222/Articles/strategy%20for%20cyberspace%20essay%20v3.pdf

Heisey, William and others.  Automated Spectrum Plan Advisor for On-the-Move Networks.  October 2006.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA470331
“Describes the technical details of the Coalition Joint Spectrum Management Planning Tool (CJSMPT) system and its architecture.  Presents details of the CJSMPT automated spectrum de-confliction algorithms and discusses the current project status and the current transition plan into military operations.”--Abstract from publication.

Information Operations, compiled by Debra Alexander.  Maxwell AFB, AL, Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center, August 2006.  28 p.
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/informops.htm

Letter to Airmen:  Cyberspace Operations.  May 7, 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.af.mil/library/viewpoints/secaf.asp?id=320
Honorable Michael W. Wynne, Secretary of the Air Force.

Library of Congress.  Congressional Research Service.  Information Operations, Electronic Warfare, and Cyberwar:  Capabilities and Related Policy Issues, by Clay Wilson.  Washington, CRS, March 20, 2007.  18 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA466599

Liepman, James M. Jr.  Cyberspace:  The Third Domain.  The Wright Stuff December 13, 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/aunews/archive/0223/Articles/Cyberspace%20Third%20Domain%20-%20Liepman.pdf

Lim, Sze Li Harry.  Assessing the Effect of Honeypots on Cyber-Attackers.  Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2006.  63 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA462526
"A honeypot is a non-production system, designed to interact with cyber-attackers to collect intelligence on attack techniques and behaviors.  While the security community is reaping fruits of this collection tool, the hacker community is increasingly aware of this technology.  In response, they developed anti-honeypot technology to detect and avoid honeypots."--Abstract from publication.

Maintaining America's Edge:  Cyberspace
Available online at:  http://www.posturestatement.hq.af.mil/1_2_intro.htm
2007 U.S. Air Force Posture Statement.

Marquand, Robert and Arnoldy, Ben.  China Emerges as Leader in Cyberwarfare.  Christian Science Monitor 99:1-4 September 14, 2007.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=26595472&site=ehost-live

Marsan, Carolyn Duffy.  How Close Is World War 3.0?  Network World 24:1-25 August 27, 2007.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=26383191&site=ehost-live
"Reports on the cyber-attacks that hit the government in Estonia.  Considered the first occurrence of modern cyberwarfare, it interrupted many government web sites and networks, financial institutions and media outlets that were run by Internet Service Provider Networks.  A global botnet of compromised home computers were used to create and direct the attacks."--Abstract from Web site.

Mills, Robert F.  Developing Cyberspace Competencies for Air Force Professional Military Education
Available online at:  http://www.oft.osd.mil/library/library_files/document_413_Cyber%20PME%20v2.pdf

The Mouse That Roared.  Global Agenda September 15, 2007.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=26566861&site=ehost-live

Nielsen, Suzanne C. and Welch, Donald.  Teaching Strategy and Security in Cyberspace:  An Interdisciplinary Approach.  International Studies Perspectives 4:133-144 May 2003.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9925418&site=ehost-live

Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integration.  Department of Defense Electromagnetic Spectrum Management Strategic Plan.  Washington, May 2007.  24 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA470338

Radice, Richard A.  Dominating Cyberspace.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, Army War College, March 12, 2007.  18 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA468855
“Discusses the elements of battlespace dominance as they relate to the cyberspace domain in the near future and recommends how the joint force can organize itself to remain preeminent.”--Abstract from publication.

Sevounts, Gary.  Addressing Cyber Security in the Oil And Gas Industry.  Pipeline & Gas Journal 233:79-80 March 2006.
Available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=20290236&site=ehost-live
"Discusses effective practices that oil and gas companies can use to improve supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA) and distributed control systems (DCS) security."

Sholtis, Tadd.  Cyberspace's Future:  Influence Operations?  The Wright Stuff November 29, 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/aunews/archive/0222/Articles/CyberspacesFutureInfluenceOperations.html

Stephens, Hampton.  War in the Third Domain.  Air Force Magazine Online April 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.afa.org/magazine/april2007/0407war.asp

Stytz, Martin R. and Banks, Sheila B.  Issues and Requirements for Cybersecurity in Network Centric Warfare.  June 2004.  36 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA466069

Thomas, Timothy L.  Hezballah, Israel, and Cyber PSYOP.  Leavenworth, KS, U.S. Army Foreign Military Studies Office, 2007.  7 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA465336

United States.  Department of Homeland Security.  National Cyber Security Division
Available online at:  http://www.dhs.gov/xabout/structure/editorial_0839.shtm
Includes mission statement, strategic objectives, organization and functions and cyber-risk management programs.

United States.  Department of Homeland Security.  Protecting America's Critical Infrastructure - Cyber Security
Available online at:  http://www.us-cert.gov/press_room/050215cybersec.html
Fact sheet.

United States.  Joint Chiefs of Staff.  Joint Publication 3-13:  Information Operations.  February 13, 2006.
Available online at:  http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/new_pubs/jp3_13.pdf
This publication provides doctrine for information operations planning, preparation, execution, and assessment in support of joint operations.

Woolley, Pamela L.  Defining Cyberspace as a United States Air Force Mission.  Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, Air Force Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Management, June 2006.  55 p.
Available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA453972
“Provides a common framework and language for the definition of cyberspace."--Abstract from publication.


Books


Allen, Patrick D.  Information Operations Planning.  Norwood, MA, Artech House, 2007.  323 p.
Book call no.:  355.343 A428i

Amoroso, Edward G.  Cyber Security.  Summit, NJ, Silicon Press, 2007.  177 p.
Table of contents available at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip068/2006005166.html.
Book call no.:  363.325 A524c

Anikeeff, Anthony H. and others.  Homeland Security Law Handbook.  Rockville, MD, ABS Consulting Government Institutes, 2003.  360 p.
See chapter 9, Cybersecurity, pages 231-248.
Book call no.:  344.7305325 H765

Arquilla, John and Ronfeldt, David.  Swarming & the Future of Conflict.  Rand, 2000.  98 p.
Advances the idea that swarming may emerge as a definitive doctrine that will encompass and enliven both cyberwar and netwar.
Also available online at:  http://www.rand.org/pubs/documented_briefings/2005/RAND_DB311.pdf
Book call no.:  355.422 A772s

Blaker, James R.  Transforming Military Force:  The Legacy of Arthur Cebrowski and Network Centric Warfare.  Westport, CT, Praeger Security International, 2007.  248 p.
Includes a definition of cyberspace, see 'Recognizing the New Strategic Commons', pages 165-166.
Book call no.:  355.30973 B636t

Convertino, Sebastian M. and others.  Flying and Fighting in Cyberspace.  Maxwell Air Force Base, AL, Air University Press, 2007.  82 p.
"Develops the foundation for a new military operation concept for "fighting the net" in support of Eighth Air Force's requirements and its stand-up as the new Cyber Command."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  355.343 C766f

Cordesman, Anthony H. and Cordesman, Justin G.  Cyber-Threats, Information Warfare, and Critical Infrastructure Protection:  Defending the U.S. Homeland.  Westport, CT, Praeger, 2002.  189 p.
"Looks at the emerging threats to the high-technology sector and the efforts to deal with these threats."--Abstract from publication.  Available online to Air University students, staff and faculty in NetLibrary database.
Book call no.:  005.8 C794c

Courville, Shane P.  Air Force and the Cyberspace Mission:  Defending the Air Force's Computer Networks in the Future.  Maxwell Air Force Base, AL, Center for Strategy and Technology, Air War College, 2007.  53 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA474828 and  http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/cst/csat63.pdf.
Book call no.:  005.8 C866a

Crampton, Jeremy W.  The Political Mapping of Cyberspace.  Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2003.  214 p.
Table of contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/uchi051/2003066280.html.
Book call no.:  303.4834 C889p

Cyber Warfare and Cyber Terrorism, edited by Lech J. Janczewski and Andrew M. Colarik.  Hershey, PA, Information Science Reference, 2008.  532 p.
"Reviews problems, issues, and presentations of the newest research in the field of cyberwarfare and cyberterrorism.  While enormous efficiencies have been gained as a result of computers and telecommunications technologies, use of these systems and networks translates into a major concentration of information resources, creating a vulnerability to a host of attacks and exploitations."--Abstract from publication. Table of contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip077/2006102336.html.
Book call no.:  355.343 C9944

Cybermedia Go to War:  Role of Converging Media During and after the 2003 Iraq War, edited by Ralph D. Berenger.  Spokane, WA, Marquette Books, 2006.  415 p.
Book call no.:  070.4499567 C994

Cyberwar, Netwar and the Revolution in Military Affairs, edited by Edward Halpin.  New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.  253 p.
Book call no.:  355.343 C9943

Denning, Dorothy Elizabeth Robling.  Information Warfare and Security.  New York, ACM Press, 1999.  522 p.
"Provides a framework for understanding and dealing with information-based threats:  computer break-ins, fraud, sabotage, espionage, piracy, identity theft, invasions of privacy, and electronic warfare.  Describes attacks with examples and offers advice for security practices and policies."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  355.343 D411i

Fighting Terror in Cyberspace, edited by Mark Last and Abraham Kandel.  Hackensack, NJ, World Scientific, 2005.  167 p.
Book call no.:  006.312 F471

Gerstein, Daniel M.  Leading at the Speed of Light:  New Strategies for U.S. Security in the Information Age.  1st ed.  Washington, Potomac Books, 2006.  185 p.
Table of contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0617/2006023380.html
Book call no.:  355.033573 G383L

Gerstein, Daniel M.  Securing America's Future:  National Strategy in the Information Age.  Westport, CT, Praeger Security International, 2005.  264 p.
“Includes definitions of national strategy, backgrounds and summaries of American experiences and an analysis of the Cold War.”--Abstract from publication.
Table of contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0515/2005017477.html.
Book call no.:  355.033073 G383s

Goldsmith, Jack L. and Wu, Tim.  Who Controls the Internet?:  Illusions of a Borderless World.  New York, Oxford University Press, 2006.  226 p.
Table of contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0519/2005027404.html
Book call no.:  303.4833 G624w

Grant, Rebecca.  Victory in Cyberspace.  Arlington, VA, Air Force Association, 2007.  32 p.
Also available online at:  http://www.afa.org/media/reports/victorycyberspace.pdf
Book call no.:  005.8 G762v

Gruber, David J.  Computer Networks and Information Warfare:  Implications for Military Operations.  Maxwell Air Force Base, AL, Center for Strategy and Technology, Air War College, Air University, 2000.  29 p.
Also available online at:  https://research.maxwell.af.mil/papers/ay2000/csat/csat17.pdf
Book call no.:  355.3433 G885c

Jane's Radar and Electronic Warfare Systems 2007-2008.  Alexandria, VA, Jane's Information Group, 2007.  664 p.
"Detailed information about the world's military radars and electronic warfare systems."
Book call no.:  R 623.73 J33 19th ed. 2007/2008

Levinson, Paul.  Realspace:  The Fate of Physical Presence in the Digital Age, on and off Planet.  New York, 2003.  176 p.
Book call no.:  303.483 L665r

Lewis, T. G.  Critical Infrastructure Protection in Homeland Security:  Defending a Networked Nation.  Hoboken, NJ, Wiley-Interscience, 2006.  474 p.
Table contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0519/2005026306.html
Book call no.:  005.80973 L676c

Libicki, Martin C.  Conquest in Cyberspace:  National Security and Information Warfare.  New York, Cambridge University Press, 2007.  323 p.
Table of contents at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip071/2006030973.html.
Book call no.:  355.343 L695c

Lonsdale, David J.  The Nature of War in the Information Age:  Clausewitzian Future.  New York, Frank Cass, 2004.  269 p.
"Looks at whether the classical Clausewitzian theory of the nature of war will retain its validity in this new age.  Covers the character of the future battlespace, the function of command and the much-hyped concept of Strategic Information Warfare.  Examines the nature of 'Information Power' and its implications for geopolitics."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  355.02 L862n

Lukasik, Stephen J. and others.  Protecting Critical Infrastructures Against Cyber-Attack.  New York, Oxford University Press, 2003.  98 p.
Book call no.:  909.82 I61a no.359

Mosco, Vincent.  The Digital Sublime:  Myth, Power, and Cyberspace.  Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 2004.  218 p.
Book call no.:  303.4833 M896d

Federal Plan for Cyber Security and Information Assurance Research and Development.  Arlington, VA, National Coordination Office for Networking and Information Technology Research and Development, April 2006.  122 p.
Report by the Interagency Working Group on Cyber Security and Information Assurance.
Also available online at:  http://www.nitrd.gov/pubs/csia/csia_federal_plan.pdf
Book call no.:  005.8 N2771f

The National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace.  Washington, February 2003.  61 p.
Also available online at:  http://www.whitehouse.gov/pcipb/cyberspace_strategy.pdf
Book call no.:  005.8 U582n 2003

Schiller, Craig A. and others.  Botnets:  The Killer Web App.  Rockland, MA, Syngress Publishing, 2007.  464 p.
"Information on the newest Internet threat, Botnets, Zombie Armies and Botherders.  Discusses Botnets, how they spread, how they work and how to detect them."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  005.8 S334b

Schleher, D. Curtis.  Electronic Warfare in the Information Age.  Boston, Artech House, 1999.  605 p.
"A modern treatment of a number of advanced topics in the EW field.  Captures the major change of emphasis in the EW field where EW, previously viewed as a defensive action, is now viewed as both an attacking as well as a defensive action."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  623.043 S339e

Seib, Philip M.  Beyond the Front Lines:  How the News Media Cover a World Shaped by War.  1st ed.  New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.  185 p.
See chapter titled, "Cybernews, Cyberwar:  The Internet as Tool and Battleground.
Book call no.:  070.4333 S457b

Strategic Appraisal:  The Changing Role of Information in Warfare, edited by Zalmay M. Khalilzad and others.  Santa Monica, CA, RAND, 1999.  452 p.
“Twenty experts in the fields of information technology and defense policy explore the opportunities and vulnerabilities inherent in the increasing reliance on information technology, looking both at its usefulness to the warrior and the need to protect its usefulness for everyone.”--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  355.343 S898

Thomas, Timothy L.  Cyber Silhouettes:  Shadows over Information Operations.  Fort Leavenworth, KS, Foreign Military Studies Office, 2005.  334 p.
"Explores the impact of the Cyber Age on military thinking and operations worldwide.  Four issues are examined:  the contrast between the concept of "cyber operations" used by civilians, including criminals and terrorists, and the concept of "information operations" used by armed forces; the differences in information operations theory among the US, Russian, and Chinese militaries; the manner in which militaries use information operations in peace and in war; and the impact of cyber and information processes on the mind, the military machine, and their interface."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  355.343 T462c

Toward a Safer and More Secure Cyberspace, edited by Seymour E. Goodman and Herbert S. Lin.  Washington, National Academies Press, 2007.  307 p.
Includes the following chapters:  'What Is at Stake', 'Improving the Nation's Cybersecurity Posture', and 'Deterring Would-be Attackers and Penalizing Attackers'.
Book call no.:  005.8 T737

U.S. National Research Council.  Committee on Counterterrorism Challenges for Russia and the United States.  Terrorism:  Reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses.  Washington, National Academies Press, 2004.  239 p.
"A collection of 22 papers on urban terrorism, cyberterrorism, and related topics."
Book call no.:  363.325172 N277t

United States.  Assistant Secretary of Defense for Command, Control Communications and Intelligence.  Electromagnetic Spectrum Management Strategic Plan.  Washington, Department of Defense, 2002.  12 p.
Book call no.:  355.07 E38

United States.  Department of Homeland Security.  National Infrastructure Protection Plan.  Washington, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2006.  179 p.
Also available online at:  http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS71533
Book call no.:  353.30973 U581n

Verton, Dan.  Black Ice:  The Invisible Threat of Cyber-Terrorism.  New York, McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2003.  273 p.
"Investigates how cyber-terrorism could occur, what the global and financial implications are, the impact this has on privacy and civil liberties, and how to prepare for and prevent cyber attacks."--Abstract from publication.
Book call no.:  303.625 V568b

Weimann, Gabriel.  Terror on the Internet:  The New Arena, The New Challenges.  Washington, United States Institute of Peace Press, 2006.  309 p.
"Reveals that terrorist organizations and their supporters maintain hundreds of Web sites, taking advantage of the unregulated, anonymous, and accessible nature of the Internet to target an array of messages to diverse audiences.  Drawing on an eight-year study of the World Wide Web, the author examines how modern terrorist organizations exploit the Internet to raise funds, recruit members, plan and launch attacks, and publicize their chilling results."--Abstract from publication.
Table of contents available online at:  http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip064/2005034147.html

Book call no.:  363.325 W422t


Documents


Adkins, Bonnie N.  The Spectrum of Cyber Conflict from Hacking to Information Warfare:  What Is Law Enforcement's Role?  Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2001.  37 p.
"DoD systems receives numerous intrusion attempts daily and this trend appears to be increasing.  It is paramount that DoD develops appropriate courses of action to systematically and appropriately counter the threat of future cyber attacks.  This paper will attempt to develop a spectrum of cyber-conflict from hacking to information warfare which will address how to discern who the adversary is, his goals and how best to counter him."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA406949 and https://research.maxwell.af.mil/papers/ay2001/acsc/01-003.pdf.
Doc. call no.:  M-U 43122 A2361s

Barrineau, James E.  Securing American Cyberspace:  A Strategic Necessity.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2004.  30 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA424249
Doc. call no.:  M-U 39080-537 B276s

Cox, Sonya.  Cyberwarfare:  Ulysses Bow or Achilles Heel for the Combatant Commander?  Newport, RI, Naval War College, Joint Military Operations Department, 2004.  22 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA422802
Doc. call no.:  M-U 41662 C879c

Erdie, Philip B.  Network-Centric Strategic-Level Deception.  Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2004.  35 p.
"Explores strategic-level deception in the context of network-centric information operations.  Begins with a historical account of twentieth century use of strategic-level deception, followed by a definition of network deception, considerations for achieving network-based deception, and our proposed model of command structure for network-centric planning and execution of deception campaigns in the twenty-first century."--Abstract from publication.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA427121
Doc. call no.:  M-U 42525 E66n

Hamilton, Brian P.  Our National Information Infrastructure:  An Immediate Strategic Concern in National Security Policy.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2004.  18 p.
"Provides an assessment of national efforts to secure cyberspace and puts forward recommendations to strengthen this critical national infrastructure."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA423907
Doc. call no.:  M-U 39080-537 H2171o

Library of Congress.  Congressional Research Service.  Information Operations and Cyberwar:  Capabilities and Related Policy Issues, by Clay Wilson.  Washington, CRS, September 14, 2006.  18 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA456478
Doc. call no.:  M-U 42953-1 no.06-RL31787

Megill, Todd A.  The Dark Fruit of Globalization:  Hostile Use of the Internet.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2005.  16 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA432655
Doc. call no.:  M-U 39080-537 M497d

Michael, James B.  Phase II Report on Intelligent Software Decoys:  Intelligent Software Decoy Tools for Cyber Counterintelligence and Security Countermeasures.  Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, April 28, 2004.  20 p.
"This report documents our accomplishments during Phase II of the Intelligent Software Decoys Project, including the development of a theory of cyber deception, tools for conduction cyber-based deception, and issues pertaining to the acceptable use of cyber deception within the context of homeland security and homeland defense."--Abstract from publication.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA422700
Doc. call no.:  M-U 42525-196

O'Hara, Timothy F.  Cyber Warfare/Cyber Terrorism.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2004.  24 p.
"Examines why information warfare has become such an attractive alternative form of conflict, reviews the traditional principles of warfare and why they may or may not apply to cyber warfare, and proposes new principles of warfare that may be needed to conduct cyber warfare.  Also presents a general overview of cyber terrorism, including definitions of cyber terrorism and cyber terrorism support."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA424310
Doc. call no.:  M-U 39080-537 O361c

Smith, Craig A.  The World Wide Web of War.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2006.  18 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA449402
Book call no.:  M-U 39080-537 S6441w

Sobel, Jeffrey C.  Digination:  The Birth of Cyber-Nations.  Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2005.  30 p.
"Defines cyber-nation and then uses a story-telling methodology to describe what a future cyber-nation might look like.  Explores some current trends that are enablers for cyber-nation development and briefly highlights two cyber-nations on-line today.  Concludes with a discussion of cyber-sovereignty and factors that might attract citizens to a cyber-nation."--Abstract from publication.
Doc. call no.:  M-U 43122 S677d

Suziedelis, Aras P.  Saving NATO Via a New Trans-Atlantic Bargain:  NATO Defense of Cyberspace.  Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2005.  88 p.
"Explores the evolution of threats to national security, the concept of having NATO defend cyberspace, and the advantages and disadvantages for adapting NATO, a classic collective defense and collective security construct, to defend against the threats of a new domain of terrorism, crime, espionage, and warfare."--Abstract from publication.
Doc. call no.:  M-U 43122 S968s

United States.  General Accounting Office.  Critical Infrastructure Protection:  Significant Homeland Security Challenges Need to Be Addressed.  Washington, GAO, 2002.  44 p.
Statement of Robert F. Dacey, Director, Information Security Issues, before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives.
Also available online at:  http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02918t.pdf
Doc. call no.:  M-U 41026-173 no.02-918T

United States.  Government Accountability Office.  Critical Infrastructure Protection:  Department of Homeland Security Faces Challenges in Fulfilling Cybersecurity Responsibilities, by David A. Powner.  Washington, GAO, 2005.  73 p.
Report to Congressional Requesters. 
Available online at:  http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d05434.pdf. and http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS61821
Doc. call no.:  M-U 41026-173 no.05-434

Information Security:  Emerging Cybersecurity Issues Threaten Federal Information Systems.  Washington, GAO, May 2005.  72 p.
Report to Congressional Requesters
Also available online at:  http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/gao/d05231.pdf
Doc. call no.:  M-U 41026-173 no. 05-231

Veazie, Arnold K.  U.S. Strategy for Cyberspace.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2003.  32 p.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA416602
Book call no.:  M-U 39080-537 V395u

Williamson, Jennie M.  Information Operations:  Computer Network Attack in the 21st Century.  Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002.  22 p.
"Addresses current information operations policy, DoD roles and responsibilities, Computer Network Attack Concept and Strategy.  Outlines the ends, ways and means of a computer network attack policy, designed to protect and sustain national security.  Describes why the U.S. must protect its information systems and critical infrastructures against potential attacks."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA402018
Doc. call no.:  M-U 39080-537 W731i

Wingfield, Thomas.  An Introduction to Legal Aspects of Operations in Cyberspace.  Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2004.  16 p.
"This report consists of a learning module on the legal aspects of operations in cyberspace.  The learning module was developed specifically for use in the Naval Postgraduate School Homeland Security Leadership Development Program's curriculum for the Homeland Defense specialization of the Master of Arts degree in National Security Affairs."--Abstract from publication.
Also available online at:  http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA422696
Doc. call no.:  M-U 42525-197


Periodicals


Adams, James.  Virtual Defense.  Foreign Affairs 80:98-112 May-June 2001.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=71502864&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Air Force Establishes Provisional Command for Cyberspace.  Defense Daily 235:  September 19, 2007.
"The commander of AFCYBER (P) will prepare the way for the eventual standup of a full major command that will train and equip forces to conduct sustained global operations in and through cyberspace, fully integrated with air and space operations," Maj. Gen. Charles Ickes, special assistant to the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, Plans and Requirements on the Air Staff, said in a statement that the Air Force issued yesterday.--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338288971&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Alexander, Keith B.  Warfighting in Cyberspace.  Joint Force Quarterly No. 46:58-61 2007.
Also available online at:  http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i46/12.pdf

Allen, Patrick D. and Demchak, Chris C.  The Palestinian-Israeli CYBERWAR.  Military Review 83:52-59 March-April 2003.
"Provides information on several international conflicts in cyberspace.  Background on the Palestinian-Israeli cyberwar; Types of attacks by hackers; Examples of attacks against web sites launched by hackers; Measures that the U.S. can take to win in cyberspace. "--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10066512&site=ehost-live

Ashley, Bradley K.  The United States Is Vulnerable to Cyberterrorism.  Signal 58:61-64 March 2004.
"Ashley discusses cyberterrorism, cyberspace environment and its particular attributes."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=579970241&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Berg, Paul D.  Dominant Air, Space, and Cyberspace Operations.  Air & Space Power Journal 21:30-31 Spring 2007.
Available online at:  http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj07/spr07/focusspr07.html.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25000329&site=ehost-live

Berkowitz, Bruce D.  War Logs On.  Foreign Affairs 79:8-12 May-June 2000.
"In Kosovo, America stumbled into the age of computer warfare.  Now Washington must think hard about how to attack its foes' electronic networks and defend its own.  Should the United States conduct computer war?  Should certain targets be off-limits?  Who should be responsible for taking warfare online?  Is America prepared?"--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=52832516&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Bieber, Florian.  Cyberwar or Sideshow?:  The Internet and the Balkan Wars.  Current History 99:124-128 March 2000.
"Serbian Internet users logged on in unprecedented numbers during last year's NATO bombings.  Bieber considers whether it is a breakthrough that Serbia's tiny population of Internet users could access the same limited and "spun" information NATO doled out to Western users during the Kosovo conflict."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=50810192&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Bond, David.  Cyber Pork:  Air Force Looks for a Cyberspace Home.  Aviation Week & Space Technology 167:27 September 3, 2007.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1340741581&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Bourque, Jesse.  The Language of Engagement Influence and the Objective.  Journal of Electronic Defense 30:30-35 November 2007.
"Focuses on Information Operations (IO) in the U.S. military.  The author says that when the U.S. Army employs IO, it is in fact arranging influence operations, which are actually warfare in the cognitive space, while IO in the U.S. Air Force is largely within the sphere of digital IO, producing and testing virtually-derived IO weapons or tools of a computer network operations.  The fallacy of cyber in network warfare is discussed."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=27466236&site=ehost-live

Brenner, Susan W.  "At Light Speed":  Attribution and Response to Cybercrime.  Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology 97:379-475 Winter 2007.
"Explains why and how computer technology complicates the related processes of identifying internal (crime and terrorism) and external (war) threats to social order of responding to those threats."--Abstract from publication.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25643756&site=ehost-live

Chaisson, K.  China Report Looks at "Informationization".  Journal of Electronic Defense 30:20 July 2007.
"Reports on the pursuit of cyber warfare and electronic warfare capabilities by China based on a report released by the U.S. Department of Defense.  The term informationization quoted in the report refers to the understanding of information technology as a significant component of the modern battlefield."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25657991&site=ehost-live

Charette, Robert N.  Open-Source Warfare.  IEEE Spectrum 44:26-32 November 2007.
"Terrorists are leveraging information technology to organize, recruit, and learn--and the west is struggling to keep up."--Abstract from publication.

China's Cyberwarriors.  Foreign Policy September-October:93 2006.
"Reports on the low-grade cyberwarfare between the United States, Taiwan and China.  China gained an advantage in 2003 when Microsoft gave the Chinese government the source code for the Windows operating system.  China is developing cybertroops of hackers to engage in offensive attacks and defensive strategy." Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22097510&site=ehost-live

Colonel Robert E. Schwarze, USAF Chief, Electronic Warfare and Cyberwarfare Division, Headquarters U.S. Air Force.  Journal of Electronic Defense 30:30-31 April 2007.
“An interview with Robert C. Schwarze, head of the Electronic Warfare and Cyberwarfare Division of the U.S. Air Force.  Discusses the status of the B-52 stand-off jamming program, the capabilities of the active electronically scanned array radars and plans for the electronic warfare self-protection equipment on non-stealthy fighters and bombers.--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=24738250&site=ehost-live

Croom, Charles E. Jr.  Guarding Cyberspace:  Global Network Operations.  Joint Force Quarterly No. 46:68-69 2007.
Also available online at:  http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i46/43.pdf

Cullather, Nick.  Bombing at the Speed of Thought:  Intelligence in the Coming Age of Cyberwar.  Intelligence & National Security 18:141-154 Winter 2003.
"The Revolution in Military Affairs puts new technology at the service of an old idea:  the perfectibility of intelligence.  At least since the founding of the Central Intelligence Agency in 1947, defense and intelligence officials have entertained fantasies of an ideal information environment in which a complete, impartial, and accurate picture of events dispels the fog of politics and war.  Amid the enthusiasm among military futurists for 'total information dominance', it is worth asking why the intelligence community has this recurring dream."--Abstract from publication.

The DON Electromagnetic Spectrum Campaign Plan.  CHIPS 25:21 July-September 2007.
Full text available in LEXIS-NEXIS database.

Doyle, John M.  COIN of the Realm.  Aviation Week & Space Technology 165:122 October 23, 2006.
"Discusses the role of cyberspace in terrorism."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=23696580&site=ehost-live

Electromagnetic Spectrum:  Critical to Our Nation's Security and Economy.  CHIPS 25:29-30 January-March 2007.
Also available online in the LEXIS-NEXIS database.

Fulghum, David A.  Subtle Wars.  Aviation Week & Space Technology 166:126-127 June 18, 2007.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25900840&site=ehost-live

Fulghum, David A. and Barrie, Douglas.  Searching for Weakness.  Aviation Week & Space Technology 166:26-27 April 30, 2007.
"Reports on the decision of China to develop soft- and hard-kill capabilities for space and cyberspace to offset the weaknesses of its military forces. "--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25534160&site=ehost-live

Greatest Hits.  Economist 383:64 May 26, 2007.
“Presents a timeline of information warfare.  In 1986 the Cuckoo's Egg, a Soviet-supported hacker, broke into computers at the Lawrence Berkeley Labs in an attempt to steal U.S. missile defense secrets.  In 1999 Chinese hackers vandalized American website, shutting down the White House site for three days in retaliation for the bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade, Serbia.  Throughout four months in 2000 and 2001 Israeli and Arab hackers vandalized each others' websites."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25216496&site=ehost-live

Harrington, Caitlin.  USAF Explores Doctrine for Cyber Warfare.  Jane's Defence Weekly 45:10 January 2, 2008.

Iannotta, Ben.  Space Radar.  C4ISR 6:16-18 April 2007.
"To make the most of this future ISR system, the Pentagon may have to learn to share."

Koziol, John C.  Contesting the Information Battlespace.  Joint Force Quarterly No. 46:71 2007.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1284736981&sid=1&Fmt=6&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD and http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i46/44.pdf.

Latt, Khine.  Future Naval Supremacy.  Military Technology 31:134-139 2007.
"Discusses the challenges of the Maritime Network Centric Warfare in the United States.  According to the author, for network operations, maritime means dealing with two radically various propagation environments, the waterspace and the airspace.  Moreover, to work with the harsh littoral maritime environment, technology innovations are needed combined with real system solutions to provide effective connectivity to command nodes and undersea domains."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=26011187&site=ehost-live

McMillan, Robert.  Is the U.S. at Risk from Cyberwarfare?  PC World 25:53 October 2007.
"Though identifying adversaries in cyberwarfare is difficult, preparing for computer network attacks involves many of the same steps as preparing for other online threats, according to Gregory Garcia, Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity and Telecommunications with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1333087641&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Munns, David W.  The Cyber Dilemma.  Sea Power 50:50-52 May 2007.
"Reports on the increase in attacks utilizing computer operation or cyberspace in the United States.  Cyberspace is used by intruders to organize attacks from a distance, keeping their locations, identity and method of attack anonymous."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=25953883&site=ehost-live

Newly Nasty.  Economist 383:63-64 May 26, 2007.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25216130&site=ehost-live

Nucci, Antonio and Bannerman, Steve.  Controlled Chaos.  IEEE Spectrum 44:43-48 December 2007.
"Network security researchers study information entropy to fight a new breed of superworms."--Abstract from publication.

Phister, Paul W. and others.  The "CyberCraft" Concept.  Military Technology 31:123 September 2007.
"With the entry into the Information Age comes a new theory of warfare - Network Centric Warfare (NCW).  Currently, discussions regarding NCW have concentrated on the traditional forms of warfare; namely, those that occur within the subsurface, surface, air and space mediums.  Additionally, limited discussions have been centered on the asymmetric aspect of the new threat, i.e., Joint Urban Operations (JUO)."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1375117331&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Pye, G. and Warren, M. J.  Modelling Critical Infrastructure Systems.  Journal of Information Warfare 6:41-53 March 2007.
"Examines the basis of what constitutes a system and discusses the commonalities in relation to critical infrastructure systems.  Focuses on identifying, and discussing system characteristics, complexity, inter-relationships, dynamics and the importance of modeling as applied to critical infrastructure systems."--Abstract from publication.

Rosine, Matthew.  Deciphering Cyberspace.  Airman 51:10-15 Fall 2007.
"The Air Force's offensive cyberspace operations against its adversaries include denial of service attacks, network hacking, simple deterrence, and complete destruction."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1374187881&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Rowe, N. C.  War Crimes from Cyber-weapons.  Journal of Information Warfare 6:15-25 December 2007.
"As information warfare capabilities have grown in recent years, the possibilities of war crimes with cyber-attacks have increased.  The main ethical problems of cyber-weapons in regard to ruses, secrecy, and collateral damage are examined, and analogies drawn to biological weapons."--Abstract from publication

Shorer-Zeltser, M. and Ben-Israel, G. M.  Religious Internet Networks and Mobilization to Terror.  Journal of Information Warfare 6:1-14 August 2007.
"The current research is a part of a broader investigation on patterns of political involvement of Diaspora Internet communities.  The study has compared the Internet content of three religious groups (Muslim, Jewish and Sikh) with an attempt to reveal certain cultural and religious codes that bring the potential terrorists to use the Internet as a tool for mobilization and coordination of their actions."--Abstract from publication.

Stytz, Martin R.  Cyber-warfare Distributed Training.  Military Technology 30:95-99 2006.
"Provides an overview on the impact and effectiveness of the Network Centric Warfare development to enhance military readiness in preventing cyberwarfare threats in the United States.  Cyberwarfare is described as a hostile activity taken against computer systems, networks and databases with the aim of degrading communication systems in a network centric battlespace."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=23484048&site=ehost-live

Technology of Networked Control Systems.  Proceedings of the IEEE 95:entire issue January 2007.
Current Research & Future Trends, Networked Real-Time Systems and Wireless Networks.

Tennant, Don.  Climate Changers.  Computerworld 41:20 June 11, 2006.
"Reflects on the development of cyberwarfare capabilities in China.  Focuses on a report warning that the People's Liberation Army had established information warfare units to develop viruses to attack enemy computer systems and networks."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25379324&site=ehost-live

Trendle, Giles.  Cyberwar.  The World Today 58:7-8 April 2002.
"With the escalation of violence in Israel and the occupied territories comes concern about a less visible threat--a second Arab-Israeli cyberwar. Some possible scenarios of an Arab-Israeli cyberwar, including the release of viruses that could infect computerwide systems worldwide and hacker attacks on the databases of western businesses and public utility networks, are examined."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=112885407&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Umphress, David A.  Cyberspace:  The New Air and Space?  Air & Space Power Journal 21:50-55 Spring 2007.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25000335&site=ehost-live

Vijayan, Jaikumar.  Lack of Leadership Hampers Cybersecurity Efforts, Say Critics.  Computerworld 40:16 September 18, 2006.
"Reports on the assertion of lawmakers and security officials that the U.S. Department of Homeland Security is ill-prepared to coordinate a public- and private-sector response to a cyberattack against the country's critical infrastructure."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22422878&site=ehost-live

Wagner, Breanne.  Electronic Attackers.  National Defense 92:24-26 October 2007.
"Behavioral modeling can be used to detect possible computer intrusions, by monitoring activity such as high bandwidth consumption, which can signal an impending attack.  Tracking patterns of strange behavior is a good way to detect an incursion, but finding the person or group behind the crime is much more difficult."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1367884231&Fmt=7&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Webb, K.  Information Terrorism in the New Security Environment.  Journal of Information Warfare 6:15-24 August 2007.
"Over the years there have been many interpretations of what constitutes Information Terrorism.  This paper reviews literature on Information Warfare and Terrorism to deduce what the threat of Information Terrorism is considered to be in the new security environment."--Abstract from publication.

Wolf, Walter.  Information - The Fabric of Cyberspace.  Journal of Electronic Defense 30:12 March 2007.
"Argues that information is the fabric of cyberspace.  According to the author, information is the driving force of cyberspace warriors and that operationalized cyberspace will change according to how information operates, transforms and matures."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=24965703&site=ehost-live

Wynne, Michael W.  Flying and Fighting in Cyberspace.  Air & Space Power Journal 21:5-9 Spring 2007.
"Offers a look at the role of airmen in the U.S. Air Force whom every minute of every day are flying and fighting in cyberspace.  According to the author, the efforts in cyberspace must be accelerated because without dominance, operations in the air and space domains as well as those on land and at sea remain at risk."--Abstract from Web site.
Also available online at:  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25000314&site=ehost-live


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