May 2003

Compiled by  Glenda Armstrong
Bibliographer, Air University Library
Maxwell AFB, AL

Contents

General Information
Armed Forces
Economic Issues
Foreign Relations
History
Human Rights
Politics and Government
Saddam Hussein
Terrorism
United Nations
Weapons of Mass Destruction  

The appearance of hyperlinks does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Air Force of this Web site or the information, products, or services contained therein.  For other than authorized activities such as military exchanges and morale, welfare and recreation sites, the U.S. Air Force does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations.  Such links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this DoD Web site. 

All sites listed were last accessed 1 May 2003.

The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East, edited by Avraham Sela. New York, Continuum, 2002. 944 p.
See pp 406-426 for Iraq political history.
Book call no.: R 956.0403 P769 2002

Countries of the World and Their Leaders Yearbook 2003. Farmington Hills, MI, Gale Group, 2002. 1097 p.
See pp 708-712 for Iraq country profile, history, government, defense forces and foreign relations.
Book call no.: R 910 C855 2003 v.1

The Hutchinson Guide to the World. Phoenix, AZ, Oryx, 1998. 666 p.
See pp 120-122 for summaries of the Iraq government, economy and resources, population and society and historical chronology.
Book call no.: R 910.3 H976

Metz, Helen Chapin. Iraq, A Country Study. Washington, Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, 1990. 302 p.
Book call no.: 910 A678 Iraq

Political Risk Yearbook 2001: Volume 2: Middle East & North Africa. East Syracuse, NY, PRS Group Inc, 2001. 1 vol.
Contains Iraq Country Report which consists of a map, forecast scenarios, political framework, economic framework and background information.
Book call no.: R 956.05 P769 2001

Roberts, Paul William. The Demonic Comedy: Some Detours in the Baghdad of Saddam Hussein. New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998. 294 p.
Book call no.: 956.70442 R643d

The World Factbook 2002. Washington, CIA, 2001. 658 p.
See pp 242-244 Iraq geography, people, government, economy and communications and military information.
Book call no.: R 910 W927 2002

Armed Forces

Internet Resources

CDI Fact Sheet: Iraqi Armed Forces.
Available online at: http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/iraqiarmedforces-pr.cfm
Information taken from the 2002-2003 Military Balance - lists numbers of personnel in each military branch in addition to equipment.

CIA World Factbook 2002.
Available online at: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html#Military
Gives Iraq's military manpower and military expenditures.

Republican Guard.
Available online at: http://fas.org/irp/world/iraq/rg/
Intelligence from the Federation of American Scientists - gives the organization of a typical Republican Guard armored division.

Books

Cordesman, Anthony H. Iraq's Military Capabilities in 2002: A Dynamic Net Assessment. Washington, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2002. 100 p.
Book call no.: 355.0332567 C794i

Eisenstadt, Michael. Like a Phoenix from the Ashes: The Future of Iraqi Military Power. Washington, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1993. 98 p.
Book call no.: 355.0330567 E36L

United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. World Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers 1999-2000. Washington, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 2002. 1 vol.
See pp 77 for Iraqi military expenditures, armed forces strength, GNP, CGE, and population by group. Page 129 has statistics on Iraqi arms transfers, deliveries and total trade.
Book call no.: R 355 A7343w 1999-2000

United States. Army National Training Center. The Iraqi Army: Organization and Tactics, prepared by the S2, 177th Armored Brigade and the Operations Group of the National Training Center. Fort Irwin, CA, National Training Center, 1991. 182 p.
Book call no.: 355.30567 I65

Bodansky, Yossef. En Clair: Sadam's Final Preparations for War. Strategy Policy3 January-February 2003.

Boyne, Sean. Briefing: Iraq. Jane's Defence Weekly 36:24-27 July 25, 2001.

Boyne, Sean. Inside Iraq's Security Network Jane's Intelligence Review Part One. 9:312-314 July 1997. Part Two. 9:365-367 August 1997.

Boyne, Sean. Iraq Retains Ability to Quell Revolts. Jane's Intelligence Review 14:42-44 January 2002.
A review of the latest information on Iraqi air power.

Boyne, Sean. Saddam's Shield: The Role of the Special Republican Guard. Jane's Intelligence Review 11:29-32 January 1999.

Hashim, Ahmed. Saddam Husayn and Civil-Military Relations in Iraq: The Quest for Legitimacy and Power. Middle East Journal 57:9-41 Winter 2003.
Addresses civil-military relations in Iraq under Saddam Husayn over the past thirty years. Questions whether the military might intervene and remove Saddam, and also questions how a post-Saddam Iraq civilian government could establish control over the military.

Hussein, Saddam. Long Live our Glorious Nation. Vital Speeches of the Day 69:226-230 February 1, 2003.
The text of a speech given by Saddam Hussein on January 17, 2003, in which he talks about the strength of Iraq.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9060443&db=aph

Stohl, Rachel. Child Soldiers in Iraq. Defense Monitor 31:2 November-December 2002.

Economic Issues

Internet Resources

Economic Conditions. Iraq Country Review, 2001.
Available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=5224609&db=mth
Gives an overview of Iraq's economic status as of July 2001. Examines the economic sanctions imposed upon the country. Gives details of foreign exchange earnings and per capita food imports. Discusses Iraq's effective use of its economic leverage to threaten regional cooperation with continuing sanctions.

 Books

Alnasrawi, Abbas. The Economy of Iraq: Oil, Wars, Destruction of Development and Prospects, 1950-2010. Westport, CN, Greenwood Press, 1994. 186 p.
Book call no.: 330.9567 A452e

Arab Human Development Report 2002: Creating Opportunities for Future Generations, sponsored by the Regional Bureau for Arab States/UNDP and Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development. New York, United Nations Development Programme, 2002. 168 p.
Also available online at: http://www.undp.org/rbas/ahdr/CompleteEnglish.pdf
Book call no.: 330.9174927 A658 2002

Clawson, Patrick. How Has Saddam Hussein Survived?: Economic Sanctions, 1990-93. Washington, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1993. 78 p.
Also available online at: http://www.ndu.edu/inss/macnair/mcnair22/mcnair22.pdf
Book call no.: 341.58209567 C617h

Bai, Matt. The City of Despair. Newsweek 131:13 March 9, 1998.
Focuses on the effects of the seven year economic embargo on Iraq. Describes the belief of the Iraqi people that their misery is caused by the United Nations. Details the effects of the embargo on Iraq's economy.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=366657&db=f5h

An Economy in Debt Trap: Iraqi Debt 1990-2020. Arab Studies Quarterly 23:15-59 Fall 2001.
Examines the impacts of war, debt, and the oil markets on Iraq during the period 1980-2020. Details the progression and profile of Iraqi indebtedness.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=5698745&db=aph

Flynn, Beth. Iraq: From Rogue State to Free Trader. Middle East International 672:25-26 April 5, 2002.
Argues that Iraq's growing enthusiasm for free trade will make a regional alliance against Saddam Hussein even harder to achieve.

Glain, Stephen J. Oil, Smuggling Grease Iraq's Economy. Wall Street Journal, p. A21, Op, May 1, 2000.
Deals with the flourishing smuggling business of Iraq. Gives examples of the smuggled items sold in Iraq. Discusses the status of the economic sanctions against Iraq and the impact of the shortage of pharmaceuticals on Iraqis.

Pope, Hugh. Iraq's Economy Shows More Vitality. Wall Street Journal, P. A12, Op, May 2, 2002.
Reports on the revival of the Iraqi economy when President Saddam Hussein was freed from several years of United Nations controls on oil exports and trade in 2002.

Sun Lixin. U.S. - Iraq Relations. Beijing Review 45:10-12 April 4, 2002.
Reports on the effect of the 1991 Gulf War on the economy of Iraq. Gives accounts of the business losses and the implementation of economic sanctions.

Foreign Relations

Internet Resources

A Decade of Deception and Defiance.
Available online at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/09/20020912.html
United States. White House. Links to "Iraq Update" and other White House documents.

The Liberation of Iraq: A Progress Report. June 28, 2000.
Available online at: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=106_senate_hearings&docid=f:68120.wais
Hearing before the U.S. Senate, Committee on Foreign Relations.

Books

Byman, Daniel. Confronting Iraq: U.S. Policy and the Use of Force Since the Gulf War. Santa Monica, CA, RAND, 2000. 101 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 B993c

Carafano, James Jay. Iraq vs the United States: Potential Terrorist Threats to the Homeland. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment, 2002. 1 vol.
Also available online at: http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/Archive/B. 20020917.Iraq_vs_the_United/B.20020917.Iraq_vs_the_United.htm
Book call no.: 355.0335567 C258i

Deaver, Michael V. Disarming Iraq: Monitoring Power and Resistance. Westport, CN, Praeger, 2001. 151 p.
Book call no.: 341.73309567 D285d

Dyer, Charles H. The Rise of Babylon: Is Iraq at the Center of the Final Drama?. Chicago, Moody, 2003. 195 p.
Book call no.: 236.9 D9906r 2003

Hiro, Dilip. Iraq: In the Eye of the Storm. New York, Thunder's Mouth Press/Nation Books, 2001. 271 p.
Book call no.: 956.7044 H668i

Hussein, Saddam. Social and Foreign Affairs in Iraq, translated by Khalid Kishtainy. London, Croom Helm, 1979. 123 p.
Book call no.: 956.704 H972s

Litwak, Robert. Rogue States and U.S. Foreign Policy: Containment After the Cold War. Washington, Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 2000. 290 p.
Part 2 case study looks at containing Saddam Hussein after the Gulf War.
Book call no.: 327.73 L782r

Mylroie, Laurie. The War Against America: Saddam Hussein and the World Trade Center Attacks: A Study of Revenge. Washington, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 2001. 318 p.
Book call no.: 973.929 M997sa

Pollack, Kenneth M. The Threatening Storm: The Case for Invading Iraq. New York, Random House, 2002. 494 p.
Book call no.: 956.70443 P771t

Simons, Geoffrey L. Iraq-Primus Inter Pariahs: A Crisis Chronology, 1997-98. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1999. 242 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 S611i

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs. Iraq: Can Saddam be Overthrown? . Hearing. 105th Congress, 2nd session, March 2, 1998. Washington, GPO, 1998. 43 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 U582ia

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. U.S. Policy Toward Iraq. Hearing. 106th Congress, 2nd session, September 19 and 28, 2001. Washington, GPO, 2002. 105 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 U582uc

United States. President. A Decade of Deception and Defiance: Saddam Hussein's Defiance of the United Nations. Washington, The White House, 2002. 1 vol.
Serves as a background paper for President George W. Bush's September 12th speech to the United Nations General Assembly.
Also available online at: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS22165
Book call no.: 341.58209567 U582d

United States. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs. Saddam's Iraq: Sanctions and U.S. Policy: . Hearing. 106th Congress, 2nd session, March 22, 2000. Washington, GPO, 2000. 74 p.
Book call no.: 341.58209567 U581s

Wurmser, David. Tyranny's Ally: America's Failure to Defeat Saddam Hussein. Washington, AEI Press, 1999. 167 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 W968t

Al-Omari, Mohammed. Regional Implications of a Post-Saddam Iraq and United States Policy Options. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 1997. 36 p.
This paper examines the political and social origins of the Baath Party and explains how it fosters the ascendancy of leaders like Saddam Hussein.
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 A453r

Bender, William J. Strategic Implications for U.S. Policy in Iraq: What Now?. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002. 30 p.
Argues that a number of factors exist to support the U.S. use of military force to overthrow Hussein.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA402145
Doc. call no.: M. U. 39080-537 B4581s

Isenberg, David. Imperial Overreach: Washington's Dubious Strategy to Overthrow Saddam Hussein. Washington, Cato Institute, 1999. 19 p.
Also available online at: http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa360.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 44392 no. 360

Sharp, Jeremy M. Iraq-U.S. Confrontation: International Attitudes. Washington, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2002. 15 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 02-RL-31629

Baker, Stephen H. Iraq: Washington Prepares for Another War. Defense Monitor 31:1-3 April 2002.

Donovan, Michael. Guilty by Non-Association: Selling the Threat of Saddam Hussein. Defense Monitor 31:4+ November-December 2002.

Friedman, Norman. United States Must Deal with Iraq. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 126:4+ November 2002.

Gordon, Philip H. Getting Serious about Iraq. Survival 44:8-22 Autumn 2002.

Hellman, Christopher. Military Challenges of Post-War Iraq. Defense Monitor 31:5-6 November-December 2002.

Howard, Roger. The Iranian Opposition Caught in the Baghdad Crossfire. Jane's Intelligence Review 14:14-15 September 2002.

Iraq Looms as the Ultimate Threat. Signal 56:35-36 April 2002.

Jalal Talabani: No Grounds for Relations with Baghdad. Middle East Quarterly 9:19-23 Winter 2002.
Interview with the president of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK). Sees the only future for Iraq is that of democracy.

Kitfield, James. The Highs and Lows of Northern Watch. Air Force Magazine 85:50-55 August 2002.

Knights, Michael. Options for Electronic Attack in the Iraq Scenario. Jane's Intelligence Review 14:52-53 December 2002.

Langenheim, William S. Give Peace a Chance: First, try Coercive Diplomacy. Naval War College Review 55:49-71 Autumn 2002.

Lanham, Robert S. Let's Try a New Tact with Iraq. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 126:47-49 September 2000.

Newhouse, John. A Decade of U.S. Policy Towards Iraq. Defense Monitor 31:8-9 November-December 2002.

Pape, Matthew S. Can We Put the Leaders of the "Axis of Evil" in the Crosshairs? Parameters 32:62-71 Autumn 2002.

The Puppet Master. New Statesman 132:16-18 January 27, 2003.
Contends that Hussein has used the U.N. security Council to outmaneuver the U.S. politically and militarily. Argues that the costs of invasion would be much greater for Great Britain than for the U.S. and that the U.S. only needs Great Britain on its side in order to bolster U.S. public opinion polls.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9013590&db=aph

Rifkind, Malcolm. Where Is the Axis of Freedom? RUSI Journal 147:15-19 June 2002.
Remarks from the Gallipoli Memorial Lecture, delivered at RUSI in April 2002.

Ripley, Tim. Strategies for Iraqi Regime Change. Jane's Intelligence Review 14:32-35 September 2002.

Saddam's War. Newsweek 141:24-31 March 17, 2003.
Examines Hussein's survival strategy against a possible U.S. led invasion. Speculates on how Hussein's stalling tactics could sway international opinion.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9250311&db=aph

Weller, Marc. The US, Iraq and the Use of Force in a Unipolar World. Survival 41:81-100 Winter 1999-2000.

History

 Books

Alnasrawi, Abbas. The Economy of Iraq: Oil, Wars, Destruction of Development and Prospects, 1950-2010. Westport, CN, Greenwood Press, 1994. 186 p.
Book call no.: 330.9567 A452e

Campbell, Robert Martin. The Iraqi Enigma: Ethno-Sectarianism, Tribalism State, Ideology and Class?. Tucson, AZ, University of Arizona, 1998. 135 p.
Book call no.: 956.704 C189i

Cooper, Tom and Bishop, Farzad. Iran-Iraq War in the Air 1980-1988. Atglen, PA, Schiffer Military History, 2000. 304 p.
Book call no.: 955.054248 C778i

Hazelton, Fran. Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy. Atlantic Highlands, NJ, Zed Books, 1994. 260 p.
Book call no.: 956.70443 I65

Karsh, Efraim. The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988. Oxford, UK, Osprey Publishing, 2002. 95 p.
Addresses the causes of the Iran-Iraq War, and assesses the war's military lessons regarding such areas as strategy, tactics, escalation and the use of non-conventional weapons.
Book call no.: 955.0542 K18i

Simons. Geoffrey L. Iraq: From Sumer to Saddam. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1994. 406 p.
Book call no.: 956.7 S611i

Simons, Geoffrey L. Iraq-Primus Inter Pariahs: A Crisis Chronology, 1997-98. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1999. 242 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 S611i

Tripp, Charles. A History of Iraq. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2000. 490 p.
Book call no.: 956.704 T836h

Gause, F. Gregory. Iraq's Decisions to Go to War, 1980 and 1990. Middle East Journal 56:47-70 Winter 2002.
"The driving force behind Saddam Husayn's decisions to go to war in 1980 and 1990 was his belief that foreign forces were working to destabilize the Ba'th Party regime in Iraq."

Hashim, Ahmed. Saddam Husayn and Civil-Military Relations in Iraq: The Quest for Legitimacy and Power. Middle East Journal 57:9-41 Winter 2003.
Addresses civil-military relations in Iraq under Saddam Husayn over the past thirty years. Questions whether the military might intervene and remove Saddam, and also questions how a post-Saddam Iraq civilian government could establish control over the military.

Mears, Douglas. The First Great Conqueror. Military History 19:47-52 October 2002.

Human Rights

Internet Resources

Iraq: Crimes Against Humanity: Crimes Against Humanity: Leaders as Executioners. May 7, 2002.
Available online at: http://usinfo.state.gov/regional/nea/iraq/crimes/
U.S. Department of State.

U.S. Department of State. Iraq: Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2001. March 4, 2002.
Available online at: http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/nea/8257.htm

Books

Arab Human Development Report 2002: Creating Opportunities for Future Generations, sponsored by the Regional Bureau for Arab States/UNDP and Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development. New York, United Nations Development Programme, 2002. 168 p.
Also available online at: http://www.undp.org/rbas/ahdr/CompleteEnglish.pdf
Book call no.: 330.9174927 A658 2002

Black, George. Genocide in Iraq: The Anfal Campaign Against the Kurds. New York, Human Rights Watch, 1993. 370 p.
Book call no.: 956.7043 B627g

Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Saddam Hussein: Crimes and Human Rights Abuses: A Report on the Human Cost of Saddam's Policies. London, Foreign & Commonwealth Office, 2002. 1 vol.
Also available online at: http://www.fco.gov.uk/Files/kfile/hrdossier.pdf
Book call no.: 323.09567 S124

Human Rights Watch/Middle East. Iraq's Crime of Genocide: The Anfal Campaign Against the Kurds. New Haven, CT, Yale University Press, 1995. 373 p.
Book call no.: 305.89159 I65

Middle East Watch. Human Rights in Iraq. New Haven, CT, Yale University Press, 1990. 164 p.
Book call no.: 323.4909567 H918

Saddam Hussein: Crimes and Human Rights Abuses: A Report on the Human Cost of Saddam's Policies by the Foreign & Commonwealth Office. London, Foreign & Commonwealth Office, 2002. 23 p.
Book call no.: 323.09567 S124

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Kurdistan in the Time of Saddam Hussein: A Staff Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the United States Senate, Report. 102d Congress, 1st session November 1991. Washington, GPO, 1991. 23 p.
Book call no.: 956.72 K96

Burns, John F. How Many People has Hussein Killed? New York Times, p 4, Op, January 26, 2003.
Talks about the deaths attributed to Iraqi president Saddam Hussein's regime.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9045794&db=aph

Craner, Lorne W. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2001. DISAM Journal 24:46-55 Spring 2002.

Dickey, Christopher. Saddam's Crimes. Newsweek February 17, 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9067493&db=aph

Kutschera, Chris. The Kurds' Secret Scenarios. Middle East Report 32:14-21 Winter 2002.
Describes the anxiety of Kurdish leaders regarding the threatened war between the U.S. and Iraq.

Zanger, Maggy. Refugees in Their Own Country. Middle East Report 32:40-43 Spring 2002.
Successive Iraqi governments have tried to forestall Kurdish control of the Kirkuk oil fields through a policy they refer to as "Arabization." For Kurds displaced by this policy, it matters little how international law describes it.

Video

Terrorism: A World in Shadows: State Terror. New York, Ambrose Video Publishing, 2001. 1 videocassette, 46 min.
Depicts the repression of the Kurds by Hussein.
Video call no.: 363.32 T3286 v.4

Politics and Government

Books

Bengio, Ofra. Saddam's Word: Political Discourse in Iraq. New York, Oxford University Press, 1998. 266 p.
Book call no.: 320.9567 B466s

Campbell, Robert Martin. The Iraqi Enigma: Ethno-Sectarianism, Tribalism State, Ideology and Class?. Tucson, AZ, University of Arizona, 1998. 135 p.
Book call no.: 956.704 C189i

Dyer, Charles H. The Rise of Babylon: Is Iraq at the Center of the Final Drama?. Chicago, Moody, 2003. 195 p.
Book call no.: 236.9 D9906r 2003

Graham-Brown, Sarah. Sanctioning Saddam: The Politics of Intervention in Iraq. New York, I. B. Tauris in association with MERIP, 1999. 380 p.
Book call no.: 341.58209567 G738s

Hazelton, Fran. Iraq Since the Gulf War: Prospects for Democracy. Atlantic Highlands, NJ, Zed Books, 1994. 260 p.
Book call no.: 956.70443 I65

Hussein, Saddam. Saddam Hussein on Current Events in Iraq, translated by Khalid Kishtainy. London, Longman, 1977. 91 p.
Contains speeches and press conferences.
Book call no.: 956.704 H972sa

Hussein, Saddam. Social and Foreign Affairs in Iraq, translated by Khalid Kishtainy. London, Croom Helm, 1979. 123 p.
Book call no.: 956.704 H972s

Jane's Sentinel: Security Assessment: The Gulf States. Alexandria, VA, Jane's Information Group Inc, 2002. 1 vol.
See section on Iraq pp 143-257. Contains a country profile, and information and statistics on Iraq's geography, infrastructure, defense spending, armed forces, security and foreign forces.
Book call no.: R 953.6 J33 2002 Issue 11

Post, Jerrold M. and Baram, Amatzia. Saddam is Iraq: Iraq is Saddam. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air University, USAF Counterproliferation Center, 2002. 69 p.
Describes Hussein's political personality profile and his malignant narcissism. Also details Hussein's family problems, and his tactics for buying support from superpower nations.
Book call no.: 956.70443 P857s

Cabana, Joel L. The Ba'th Party in Iraq: From its Beginning Through Today. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 1993. 120 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 C112b

Brownfield, A. Questions Over a Post-War Iraq. Islamic Affairs Analyst14-16 March 2003.
U.S. planners have devised a process for ruling Iraq that begins with a U.S. general in charge and evolves over more than 18 months. Other experts argue that the occupation will be costly and messy, lasting well over a year.

Hulsman, John C. and Phillips, James. Post-War Political Settlement in Iraq. Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies 26:4-21 Winter 2003.
A Heritage Foundation plan.

Hussein, Saddam. Long Live our Glorious Nation. Vital Speeches of the Day 69:226-230 February 1, 2003.
The text of a speech given by Saddam Hussein on January 17, 2003, in which he talks about the strength of Iraq.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9060443&db=aph

Kutschera, Chris. Iraqi Kurds Agree to Agree ... For Now. The Middle East 329:24-27 December 2002.
The KDP and the PUK have reached an agreement which would assure them prominence in any new federal Iraq.

Teimourian, Hazhir. The Future of the House of Saddam. Jane's Intelligence Review 12:26-27 November 2000.

Ulph, S. Saddam's Neo-Tribalism. Islamic Affairs Analyst pages 5-7 March 2003.
Hussein has revitalized the tribal system to strengthen his power.

Yaphe, Judith S. Iraq Before and After Saddam. Current History 102:7-14 January 2003.
Focuses on the political conditions in Iraq before and after the leadership of Saddam Hussein. Predicts an increase in the scope and quality of violence and terrorism; an establishment of an alternative power base in the party; and reinvention of the country's political theory.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=8985886&db=aph

Saddam Hussein

Internet Resources

BBC News Saddam Hussein Profile.
Available online at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1100529.stm
An overview of the life of Hussein from early childhood to the present.

Frontline: The Survival of Saddam.
Available online at: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/saddam/
Tells how Hussein has survived so long, gives secrets of his leadership, contains photos and tells the Kurds' story.

Just Who is Saddam Hussein? FDCH Regulatory Intelligence Database January 22, 2003.
Available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=32W2666864102&db=mth

Books

Aburish, Said K. Saddam Hussein: The Politics of Revenge. New York, Bloomsbury, 2000. 406 p.
Book call no.: 956.7044 A167s

Campbell, Robert Martin. The Iraqi Enigma: Ethno-Sectarianism, Tribalism State, Ideology and Class?. Tucson, AZ, University of Arizona, 1998. 135 p.
Book call no.: 956.704 C189i

Cockburn, Andrew. Out of the Ashes: The Resurrection of Saddam Hussein. New York, HarperCollins Publishers, 1999. 322 p.
Book call no.: 956.7044 C665o

Coughlin, Con. Saddam: King of Terror. New York, HarperCollins, 2002. 350 p.
A biography.
Book call no.: 92 S9721c

Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt. How to Defeat Saddam Hussein. New York, Warner Books, 1991. 202 p.
Book call no.: 956.7043 H847

Karsh, Efraim and Rautsi, Inari. Saddam Hussein: A Political Biography. New York, Free Press, 1991. 309 p.
Book call no.: 92 H9721k

Mackey, Sandra. The Reckoning: Iraq and the Legacy of Saddam Hussein. New York, W. W. Norton & Company, 2002. 415 p.
Looks at the forces in Iraq that produced Saddam Hussein, and speculates on an Iraq without Hussein.
Book call no.: 956.7044 M157r

Post, Jerrold M. and Baram, Amatzia. Saddam is Iraq: Iraq is Saddam. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air University, USAF Counterproliferation Center, 2002. 69 p.
Describes Hussein's political personality profile and his malignant narcissism. Also details Hussein's family problems, and his tactics for buying support from superpower nations.
Book call no.: 956.70443 P857s

The Saddam Hussein Reader: Selections from Leading Writers on Iraq, edited by Turi Munthe. New York, Thunder's Mouth Press, 2002. 556 p.
Book call no.: 956.7044 S124

United States. Congress. Senate. Commiee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs. Iraq: Can Saddam be Overthrown? . Hearing. 105th Congress, 2nd session, March 2, 1998. Washington, GPO, 1998. 43 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 U582ia

Des Roches, David B. Saddam Hussein and the Uses of Political Power: An Examination of the Relative Power of the Cult of Personality and the Nationalist Myth. London, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1990. 44 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 43567-427

Hoffman, Bruce. The Ultimate Fifth Column: Saddam Hussein, International Terrorism, and the Crisis in the Gulf. Santa Monica, CA, Rand, 1990. 4 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 30352-16 no. 7668

Pierson, Ted A. Saddam Hussein: Operational Artist or Madman? Newport, RI, Naval War College, 1998. 23 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 P6241s

'Abbas al-Janabi, Fear and Loathing in Saddam's Court. Middle East Quarterly 6:73-81 June 1999.
Interviews the former private secretary of Udayy, son of Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. Describes the internal struggle of the Hussein family, views of the assassination attempt upon Udayy and the power of Udayy over Iraqi citizens.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=4786188&db=aph

Nouri, Hassan. Yesterday's Man. New Republic 228:11-12 March 10, 2003.
Discusses the public opinion of Iraqi President Hussein among Palestinian Arabs. Whatever cult of personality he once enjoyed among Palestinians in 1991, has been all but replaced by the intifada's homegrown "martyrs" in Gaza and the West Bank.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9197676&db=aph

Zagorin, Adam. Inside Saddam Inc. Time 161:36 March 10, 2003.
Discusses Saddam Hussein and how he conceals his fortune, which could be as much as $7 billion; how he set up a network of smuggling and kickbacks that allows his regime to profit despite U.N. sanctions.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9252457&db=aph

Video

Saddam Hussein: Defying the World: A Visual Biography. Santa Monica, CA, Strand VCI Entertainment, 1990. 1 videocassette, 34 min.
Video call no.: 92 H9721s

The Survival of Saddam. Alexandria, VA, PBS Video, 2000. 1 videocassette, 60 min.
After the Gulf War, the U.S. government believed that Hussein would be overthrown, but he is still entrenched in power.
Video call no.: 956.70443 S963

Terrorism

Internet Resources

Bush Details Iraq's Terrorist Ties. FDCH Regulatory Intelligence Database February 9, 2003.
Available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=32W2096167700&db=mth

Terrorism: The Threat and Post 9/11 Trends, Compiled by Air University Library Bibliography Branch.
Available online at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/terror/italy.htm
Scroll down to links on State Sponsored Terrorism.

U. S. Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism, 2002: Overview of State-Sponsored Terrorism.
Available online at: http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/2002/html/19988.htm

Books

Carafano, James Jay. Iraq vs the United States: Potential Terrorist Threats to the Homeland. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment, 2002. 1 vol.
Also available online at: http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/Archive/B. 20020917.Iraq_vs_the_United/B.20020917.Iraq_vs_the_United.htm
Book call no.: 355.0335567 C258i

Mylroie, Laurie. Study of Revenge: The First World Trade Center Attack and Saddam Hussein's War Against America. Washington, AEI Press, 2001. 323 p.
Book call no.: 973.929 M997s

Mylroie, Laurie. The War Against America: Sadam Hussein and the World Trade Center Attacks: A Study of Revenge. Washington, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 2001. 318 p.
Book call no.: 973.929 M997sa

Tanter, Raymond. Rogue Regimes: Terrorism and Proliferation. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1998. 331 p.
Book call no.: 327.1 T169r

Hoffman, Bruce. The Ultimate Fifth Column: Saddam Hussein, International Terrorism, and the Crisis in the Gulf. Santa Monica, CA, Rand, 1990. 4 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 30352-16 no. 7668

Blanche, Ed. USA Ponders Iraqi Role in Terror Network. Jane's Intelligence Review 13:41-43 December 2001.

Smith, Daniel. Exploring the Axis of Evil - Introduction. Defense Monitor 31:1+ April 2002.

Video

Terrorism: A World in Shadows: State Terror. New York, Ambrose Video Publishing, 2001. 1 videocassette, 46 min.
Depicts the repression of the Kurds by Hussein.
Video call no.: 363.32 T3286 v.4

United Nations

Internet Resources

Economic Conditions. Iraq Country Review 2001.
Available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=5224609&db=mth
Gives an overview of Iraq's economic status as of July 2001. Examines the economic sanctions imposed upon the country. Gives details of foreign exchange earnings and per capita food imports. Discusses Iraq's effective use of its economic leverage to threaten regional cooperation with continuing sanctions.

Books

Clawson, Patrick. How has Saddam Hussein Survived?: Economic Sanctions, 1990-93. Washington, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1993. 78 p.
Also available online at: http://www.ndu.edu/inss/macnair/mcnair22/mcnair22.pdf
Book call no.: 341.58209567 C617h

Cortright, David. The Sanctions Decade: Assessing UN Strategies in the 1990s. Boulder, CO, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2000. 274 p.
See section on "Sanctions Against Iraq" by Jaleh Dashiti-Gibson.
Book call no.: 337 C831s

Graham-Brown, Sarah. Sanctioning Saddam: The Politics of Intervention in Iraq. New York, I. B. Tauris in association with MERIP, 1999. 380 p.
Book call no.: 341.58209567 G738s

United States. President. A Decade of Deception and Defiance: Saddam Hussein's Defiance of the United Nations. Washington, The White House, 2002. 1 vol.
Serves as a background paper for President George W. Bush's September 12th speech to the United Nations General Assembly.
Also available online at: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS22165
Book call no.: 341.58209567 U582d

United States. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs. Saddam's Iraq: Sanctions and U.S. Policy: . Hearing. 106th Congress, 2nd session, March 22, 2000. Washington, GPO, 2000. 74 p.
Book call no.: 341.58209567 U581s

Block, Douglas A. Stopping the Emergence of Nuclear Weapon States in the Third World: An Examination of the Iraq Weapons Inspection Program. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 1993
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-83 B6511s

Brown, Marjorie Ann. Iraq-Kuwait: United Nations Security Council Resolutions Texts - 1992-2002. Washington, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2002. 198 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 02-RL31611

Brown, Marjorie Ann. The United Nations Security Council: Its Role in the Iraq Crisis: A Brief Overview. Washington, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2002. 5 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 02-RS21323

Marrazzo, Robert A. The Strategic Failure of Operation Southern Watch and the Need for a New Coalition Based Strategy. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2001. 26 p.
Argues that "while demonstrations of overwhelming military power may keep Saddam Hussein contained for the short-term, only a firmly united coalition will demonstrate the resolve necessary to guarantee long-term regional stability."
Also available online at: http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/fulcrum_main.pl?database=ft_u2&searchid=10111129287333&keyfieldvalue=ADA389765&filename=%2Ffulcr
um%2Fdata%2FTR_fulltext%2Fdoc%2FADA389765.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 M358s

Sutton, Kevin W. More Effective and Efficient Sanctions. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2002. 24 p.
Argues that sanctions have failed because maritime smuggling of oil out of Iraq undermines their effectiveness. The use of lethal force, minefields, and inspections within the Persian Gulf would be more effective in enforcing the sanctions.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401121
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 S967m

United States. General Accounting Office. Weapons of Mass Destruction: U. N. Confronts Significant Challenges in Implementing Sanctions Against Iraq: A Report to the Honorable Tom Harkin, U.S. Senate. Washington, General Accounting Office, 2002. 42 p.
Also available online at: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02625.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 41026-173 no. 02-625

Bai, Matt. The City of Despair. Newsweek 131:13 March 9, 1998.
Focuses on the effects of the seven year economic embargo on Iraq. Describes the belief of the Iraqi people that their misery is caused by the United Nations. Details the effects of the embargo on Iraq's economy.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=366657&db=f5h

Glain, Stephen J. Oil, Smuggling Grease Iraq's Economy. Wall Street Journal, p. A21, Op, May 1, 2000.
Deals with the flourishing smuggling business of Iraq. Gives examples of the smuggled items sold in Iraq. Discusses the status of the economic sanctions against Iraq and the impact of the shortage of pharmaceuticals on Iraqis.

The Highs and Lows of Northern Watch. Air Force Magazine 85:50-55 August 2002.

Pope, Hugh. Iraq's Economy Shows More Vitality. Wall Street Journal, P. A12, Op, May 2, 2002.
Reports on the revival of the Iraqi economy when President Saddam Hussein was freed from several years of United Nations controls on oil exports and trade in 2002.

Sun Lixin. U.S. - Iraq Relations. Beijing Review 45:10-12 April 4, 2002.
Reports on the effect of the 1991 Gulf War on the economy of Iraq. Gives accounts of the business losses and the implementation of economic sanctions.

Zagorin, Adam. Inside Saddam Inc. Time 161:36 March 10, 2003.
Discusses Saddam Hussein and how he conceals his fortune, which could be as much as $7 billion; how he set up a network of smuggling and kickbacks that allows his regime to profit despite U.N. sanctions.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9252457&db=aph

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Internet Resources

Central Intelligence Agency. Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs. October 2002.
Available online at: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/iraq_wmd/Iraq_Oct_2002.htm

Iraq and Weapons of Mass Destruction.
Available online at: http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB80/
National Security Archive collection of documents pertaining to Iraq's efforts to develop weapons of mass destruction and the United Nations inspection and monitoring regime.

U. S. Department of State International Information Program. WMD: The Deadliest Threat of All.
Available online at: http://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/iraq/threat.htm
Has a link to documented chemical attacks by Iraq.

Books

Bhatia, Shyam. Brighter than the Baghdad Sun: Saddam Hussein's Nuclear Threat to the United States. Lanham, MD, Regnery Pub, 2000. 341 p.
Book call no.: 327.1747 B575b

Carus, W. Seth. The Genie Unleashed: Iraq's Chemical and Biological Weapons Program. Washington, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1989. 50 p.
Book call no.: 358.3409567 O329g

Cole, Leonard A. The Eleventh Plague: The Politics of Biological and Chemical Warfare. New York, W. H. Freeman, 1997. 284 p.
Book call no.: 358.3 C689e

Cordesman, Anthony H. Chemical and Biological Weapons and Deterrence. Case Study 3, Iraq. Alexandria, VA, Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute, 1998. 81 p.
Book call no.: 358.3 C517 v.3

Deaver, Michael V. Disarming Iraq: Monitoring Power and Resistance. Westport, CN, Praeger, 2001. 151 p.
Book call no.: 341.73309567 D285d

Hamzah, Khidr Abd al-Abbas. Saddam's Bombmaker: The Terrifying Story of the Iraqi Nuclear and Biological Weapons Agenda. New York, Scribner, 2000. 352 p.
Book call no.: 355.021709567 H232s

International Institute for Strategic Studies.  Iraq's WMD:  A Net Assessment.  London, IISS, 2002.  1 vol.
Includes a history of the UN inspections in Iraq from 1991-1998; detailed descriptions of Iraq's nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons programs as well as their ballistic missile program.
Book call no.:  327.17409567 I651

Iraq: A New Approach. Washington, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2002. 63 p.
"The papers in this collection grew out of discussions held at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace from late April to late July of this year. The discussions included top regional and military experts, former inspectors with dozens of man-years' experience in Iraq, and individuals with intimate knowledge of the diplomatic situation at the United Nations."
Also available online at: http://www.ceip.org/files/pdf/Iraq.Report.pdf
Book call no.: 327.1745 I65

Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Assessment of the British Government, foreword by Tony Blair. London, The Stationary Office, 2002. 1 vol.
Report released by Prime Minister Tony Blair detailing information regarding Iraq's current chemical and biological weapons programs.
Also available online at: http://www.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/09/24/uk.iraq/iraqdossier.pdf
Book call no.: 327.17409567 I65

Kokoski, Richard. Technology and the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. New York, Oxford University Press, 1995. 351 p.
Book call no.: 327.174 K79t

Mauroni, Albert J. Chemical-Biological Defense: U.S. Military Policies and Decisions in the Gulf War. Westport, CN, Praeger, 1998. 236 p.
Book call no.: 358.3 M457c

Tanter, Raymond. Rogue Regimes: Terrorism and Proliferation. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1998. 331 p.
Book call no.: 327.1 T169r

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East. Iraq's Nuclear Weapons Capability and IAEA Inspections in Iraq. Hearing. 103rd Congress, 1st session, June 29, 1993. Washington, GPO, 1993. 206 p.
Book call no.: 355.825119 U582i

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities. The Weapons of Mass Destruction Program of Iraq. Hearing. 107th Congress, 2nd session, February 27, 2002. Washington, GPO, 114 p.
Book call no.: 358.309567 U58w

Block, Douglas A. Stopping the Emergence of Nuclear Weapon States in the Third World: An Examination of the Iraq Weapons Inspection Program. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 1993
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-83 B6511s

Bowman, Steven R. Iraqi Chemical & Biological Weapons (CBW) Capabilities. Washington, Congressional Research Service, 1998. 5 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 98-129F

Brackett, Steven J. United Nations Sanctions Against Iraq and Iraq's Current Military Status. Quantico, VA, United States Marine Corps Command And Staff College, 2001. 58 p.
Argues that Iraq has "had a clear opportunity to expand its nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons programs."
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401241
Doc. call no.: M-U 41886-71 B797u

Dixon, Todd A. Nuclear Proliferation: Lessons Learned from the Iraqi Case. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. 120 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 D6211n

Jordan, Frank R. Iran and Iraq - the Proliferation Challenge. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 1996. 21 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 J82i

Klemick, Michael T. Can Iraq be Deterred from Using Weapons of Mass Destruction?. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. 84 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 K641c

Zimmerman, Peter D. Iraq's Nuclear Achievements: Components, Sources, and Stature. Washington, Congressional Research Service. Library of Congress, February 18, 1993. 1 vol.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 93-323F

Grant, Rebecca. Osirak and Beyond. Air Force Magazine 85:74-78 August 2002.

Russell, Richard L. War and the Iraq Dilemma: Facing Harsh Realities. Parameters 32:46-61 Autumn 2002.

Venter, A. Iraq's Weapons of Mass Casualty. Islamic Affairs Analyst  9-12 March 2003.
Hussein has expended considerable energy and resources acquiring chemical and biological weapons.

Videos

Clouds of Death: The Scourge of Biochemical Warfare. New York, A&E Television Networks, 1999. 1 videocassette, 50 min.
Examines Saddam Hussein's efforts to develop chemical weapons for Iraq.
Video call no.: 358.3 C647

Disarming Iraq: Controlling Biological Weapons. Princeton, NJ, Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 1998. 1 videocassette, 29 min.
Video call no.: 327.1745 D611

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