Operation Allied Force: The Air Campaign

OPERATION ALLIED FORCE: THE AIR CAMPAIGN

July 2005

Compiled by Bibliography Branch
Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center
Maxwell AFB, AL

Contents

Internet Resources
Books
Documents
Periodicals

The appearance of hyperlinks does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Air Force of this web site or the information, products, or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities such as military exchanges and morale, welfare and recreation sites, the U.S. Air Force does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. Such links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this DoD web site.

Some materials listed below require access to subscription databases. If you cannot gain access, contact your local library for availability. AU students and faculty can contact AUL's Web Maintainer for a password.

All sites listed were last accessed on July 20, 2005.

Internet Resources

Bela, Joe. Air Power Decisive in Kosovo, Study Reveals. 2000.
Available online at: http://www.usafe.af.mil/news/news00/uns00208.htm
The report, "Air War over Serbia" is available at the Air University Library under call number M-U 42992-236.

British American Security Information Council. The Kosovo Crisis. 1999-2000.
Available at: http://www.basicint.org/europe/confprev/Kosovo/main.htm

Operation Allied Force / Operation Noble Anvil. 1999.
Available online at: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/allied_force.htm

Books

Amnesty International. NATO / Federal Republic of Yugoslavia: "Collateral Damage" or Unlawful Killings?: Violations of the laws of War by NATO During Operation Allied Force. New York, Amnesty International, 2000. 65 p.
Book call no.: 949.7103 N2791

Grant, Rebecca. The Kosovo Campaign: Aerospace Power Made It Work. Arlington, VA, Air Force Association, 1999. 28 p. (Air Force Association special report)
Book call no.: 949.7103 G762k

Lamb, Michael W. Operation Allied Force: Golden Nuggets for Future Campaigns. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL, Air University Press, 2002. 38 p.
Also available online at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/maxwell/mp27.pdf
Book call no.: 358.414 L218o

Lambeth, Benjamin S. NATO'S Air War for Kosovo: A Strategic and Operational Assessment. Santa Monica, CA, Project Air Force, RAND, 2001. 276 p.
Also available online at: http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1365/
Book call no.: 949.7103 L223n

North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Kosovo/Operation Allied Force After-Action Report: Report to Congress. Washington, U.S. Department of Defense, 2000. 151 p.
Book call no.: 949.7103 K865

Peters, John E. European Contributions to Operation Allied Air Force: Implications for Transatlantic Cooperation. Santa Monica, CA, RAND, 2001. 113 p.
Also available online at: http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1391/
Book call no.: 949.703 E89

Shelton, Henry H. Kosovo/Operation Allied Force After-Action Report: Report to Congress. Washington, D.C. U.S. Department of Defense, 2000. 151 p.
Also available online at: http://www.defenselink.mil/pubs/kaar02072000.pdf
Book call no.: 949.7103 K861

Simonen, Katariina. Operation Allied Force: A Case of Humanitarian Intervention? Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defense Academies and Security Studies Institutes, 2004. 134 p.
Book call no.: 341.58409497 S598o

The Year in Defense 2000. Tampa, FL, Government Services Group, Faircount, 1999. 200 p.
NATO at War, by Charles Oldham, pp 46-53+.
Book call no.: 355.033073 Y39 2000

Tripp, Robert S. Lessons from Operation Enduring Freedom. Santa Monica, CA, RAND, 2004. 119 p.
"Presents an analysis of Air Force combat support experiences associated with Operation Enduring Freedom and compares these experiences with those associated with Operation Allied Force (OAF) to determine similarities and applicability of lessons across experiences."
Book call no.: 355.411 L641

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Procurement. Lessons Learned from the Kosovo Conflict--the Effect of the Operation on Both Deployed/Non-Deployed Forces and on Future Modernization Plans. Washington, U.S. G.P.O., 2000. 79 p.
Book call no.: 949.7103 U581L

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. U.S. Policy and NATO Military Operations in Kosovo: Hearings before the Committee on Armed Services. Washington, D.C., GPO, 2000. 486 p.
Book call no.: 949.7103 U58u

Youngs, Tim. Kosovo: The Diplomatic and Military Options. London, International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library, 1998. 40 p. (Research paper 98/93)
Book call no.: 949.7103 Y811kb

Youngs, Tim, and others. Kosovo: NATO and Military Action. London, International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library, 1999. 55 p. (Research paper 99/34)
Book call no.: 949.7103 Y811k

Youngs, Tim and others. Kosovo: Operation "Allied Force". London, International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library, 1999. 80 p. (Research paper 99/48)
Book call no.: 949.7103 Y811ka

Documents

Some of the documents cited in this section are student papers written to fulfill PME school requirements.

Ahmann, Patrick N. Bombing for Effect: The Best Use of Airpower in War. Fort Leavenworth, KS, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2004. 65 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA428549
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022 A286b

Bossert, Phil. Global Reach Laydown from Desert Shield to Enduring Freedom: A Comparative Analysis. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air War College, 2003. 43 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA424628
Doc. call no.: M-U 43117 B745g

Borch, Frederic L. Targeting After Operation Allied Force: Has the Law Changed for CINCs and their Planners? Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2001. 27 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA392766
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662-105 B726t

Bovy, Gail M. Standing Naval Force Mediterranean Operations in Support of Operation Allied Force: A Qualitative Review for the Joint Task Force Commander. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2001. 28 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA392859
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 B783s

Bowman, Steven R. Kosovo: U.S. and Allied Military Operations. Washington, D.C., Library of Congress, 2000. 16 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U42953-8 no.10027 2000 Jul.24

Davis, Kathy B. Operation Allied Force: Reachback and Information Processes. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2002. 52 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA420710
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 D2626o

Dugan, Michael J., and others. Operation Allied Force: Strategy, Execution, Implications. The Eaker Institute for Aerospace Concepts, 1999. 25 p.
Also available online at: http://www.aef.org/pub/eaker/eak16aug99.asp
Doc. call no.: M-U 44376-2

Dumas, Russell. Micromanagement and a Commander's Lack of Operational Vision: A Case Study of Operation Allied Force. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2001. 1 vol.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA405926
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 D886m

Fisk, Kelly F. Failed Intervention: The United States in the Balkans. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002. 37 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404493
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 F538f

Gallis, Paul E. Kosovo: Lessons Learned from Operation Allied Force. Washington, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1999. 27 p. (CRS report for Congress, no. 99-RL30374)
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no.99-RL30374

Hamilton, Phillip T. A Campaign in the Air. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2004. 18 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA422812
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 H219c

Hand, Richard A. Who Should Call the Shots?: Resolving Friction in the Targeting Process. Maxwell AFB, AL, School of Advanced Airpower Studies, 2001. 80 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA407753
Doc. call no.: M-U 43998-1 H236w

Howe, James E. Operational Leadership in Kosovo. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2004. 23 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA422806
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 H856o

Hupy, Jeffrey L. Tactical Control of Air Mobility Forces in Operation Allied Force: Is This the Way Things Should Be Done? Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2000. 32 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA394092
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 H958t

Johnson, Michael W. Clausewitz on Kosovo: A Monograph. Fort Leavenworth, KS, School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2000. 79 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA390468
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 J68c

Koprucu, Mustafa R. The Limits of Decentralized Execution: The Effects of Technology on a Central Airpower Tenet. Maxwell AFB, AL, School of Advance Airpower Studies, 2001. 85 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA407879
Doc. call no.: M-U 43998-1 K83L

Larsen, Wayne A. Serbian Information Operations During Operation Allied Force. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air command and Staff College, 2000. 37 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393976
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 K347s

Larvick, Jon A. Improving Wartime Spares Support to AMC: An Analysis of KC-135 Readiness Spares Packages During Operation Allied Force With a Look to the Future and Support of the Aerospace Expeditionary Force. Maxwell, AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2000. 39 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393975
Doc. call no.: 43122 L3361i

McCormick, David C. Examination of E-3 AWACS Readiness Spares Kit Adequacy During Operation Allied Force. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2000. 26 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393970
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 M1317e

McKearn, Mark J. Operation Allied Force: Operational Art & Task Force Hawk. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2002. 1 vol.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA405646
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 M154o

McMurphy, Michael H. Coercion and Land Power: A Monograph. Fort Leavenworth, KS, School of Advanced Military Studies, Army Command and General Staff College, 2000. 67 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA382303
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 M168c

Nelson, John D. Swiftly Defeat the Efforts; Then What?: The "New American Way of War" and Transitioning Decisive Combat to Post Conflict Stabilization. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2004. 25 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA424166
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 N427s

Nikolai, Douglas J. Centralized Execution of USAF Air and Space Forces: The Unspoken Trend of the Master Tenet. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. 89 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 N693c

Shaw, Gary P. Operation Allied Force: Case Studies in Expeditionary Aviation - USAF, USA, USN, and USMC. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002. 29 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404537
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 S534o

Snoderly, Michael D. Compressing the Levels of War: Operation Desert Storm and Operation Allied Force Case Study. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2001. 26 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393528
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 S673c

Spedero, Paul C. Time Sensitive Targeting: The Operational Commander's Role. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2004. 23 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA422747
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 S7413t

Stephenson, Brian P. Rapid Decisive Operations (RDO): A Case Study Analysis. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002. 33 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401852
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 S836r

Sullivan, Dennis S. Kosovo: The Quest for Lasting Internal Security, a Monograph. Fort Leavenworth, KS, School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2001. 61 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA400770
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 S949k

United States. General Accounting Office. Kosovo Air Operations: Need to Maintain Alliance Cohesion Results in Doctrinal Departures: Report to Congressional Requesters. Washington, D.C., The Office, 2001. 32 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 41026-173 no.01-784

Walsh, Thomas F. Operation Allied Force: Setting a New Precedent for Humanitarian Intervention? Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2000. 88 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA387390
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 W2271o

Womble, Cynthia M. Task Force Hawk: Operational Mobility Lessons for the Joint Force Commander. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2001. 21 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA389525
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 W8721t

Periodicals

Abel, David. What the Navy Says It Learned from Kosovo. Defense Week 20:9 October 25, 1999.

Aims of an Air War in Kosovo. New York Times, p A-22, March 26, 1999.

Air Campaign Against Yugoslavia. New York Times, p 30, March 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 58-59, March 25, 1999.

Air Power Wins a War but Limits Remain Glaring. Current News Early Bird, pp 71-72, June 7, 1999.

Air War Accidents. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-192, May 17, 1999.

Anderson, James H. Ground Troop Scenarios for Yugoslavia: What Would They Take? Backgrounder No. 1275:1-10 April 21, 1999.

Anderson, John Ward. NATO's Most Lethal Airstrike Ended a Battle, Perhaps a War. Washington Post, p 1, June 26, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-6, June 28, 1999.

Anderson, Jon. NATO's New Campaign. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-5, May 20, 1999.

Apple, R. W., Jr. Do Bombs Fail Even as They Fall? New York Times, p 1, March 28, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-33, March 30, 1999.

Apple, R. W., Jr. How Midwives of NATO Prevailed over Doubters. New York Times, sec A, p 10, April 23, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-61, April 23, 1999.

Apple, R. W., Jr. With Decision to Attack, a New Set of U.S. Goals. New York Times, p 1, March 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 9-11, March 25, 1999.

Arbogast, Gordon W. An Army View on Kosovo. Aerospace Power Journal 14:77-81 Spring 2000.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=3129078

Arkin, William M. Challenge to the '15,000-Foot Myth' Consumes Air Force Planners. Defense Daily 205:4-5 March 2, 2000.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=50700372&sid=1&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Arkin, William M. Inside the Air Force, Officers Are Frustrated about the Air War (Objective: Kosovo). Washington Post, p B1, April 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 31-33, April 26, 1999.

Arkin, William M. Kosovo Report Short on Weapons Performance Details. Defense Daily 205:2-4 February 10, 2000.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=49401201&sid=2&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Arkin, William M. Lessons Learned by Committee. Defense Daily 203:7-8 July 15, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=43191147&sid=3&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Arkin, William M. Smart Bombs, Dumb Targeting? Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 56:46-53 May-June 2000.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=3086677
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-104, May 1, 2000.

Atkinson, David. B-1s Provided Needed Long-Range Muscle in Air War. Defense Daily 202:5-6 June 25, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=42702927&sid=4&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-28, June 25, 1999.

Atkinson, David. Munitions, Not Bombers or Fighters, Frame Kosovo Lessons. Defense Daily 203:3-5 July 6, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=42954203&sid=5&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Atkinson, David. NATO Allies Needed Thousands of Weapons from USAFE Inventory. Defense Daily 203:4-6 July 8, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=43015064&sid=6&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Atkinson, David. U.S. Airpower Doctrine Strained by Kosovo Reality. Defense Daily 202:1-3 April 7, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=40345395&sid=7&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-56, April 7, 1999.

Bacevich, Andrew J. Rewriting the Last War; What New Pentagon Papers Reveal. National Review 52:22+ June 5, 2000.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=3139446
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-94, May 30, 2000.

Barela, Tim. To Win a War; Why Did Allied Air Power Prove So Dominant in the Kosovo Crisis? Airman 43:2-3 September 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.af.mil/news/airman/0999/war.htm

Bering, Helle. Not by Air Power Alone. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-126, April 8, 1999.

Bishop, Patrick. Air Strikes Would Show the West's Policy Has Failed. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-51, March 24, 1999.

Blair, Tony. NATO Achieves One Feat, Begins Another. Current News Early Bird, pp 73-75, June 11, 1999.

Booth, Carrie. Intervention, Emancipation and Kosovo. Civil Wars 2:65-88 Autumn 1999.

Brady, Roger A. Building and Commanding Expeditionary Units: Lessons from Kosovo. Aerospace Power Journal 14:12-21 Spring 2000.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=3129072

Broder, John M. Clinton Says NATO Allies Need to 'Stay the Course'. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-21, March 29, 1999.

Brooks, Clark and Stetz, Michael. Does the Cause Demand the U.S. Fight? Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-62, April 5, 1999.

Brown, Justin. NATO Vs. 19th-Century Strategy. Christian Science Monitor, p 1, April 26, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-9, April 26, 1999.

Brown, Justin. The Other Target of NATO Strikes. Christian Science Monitor, p 1, April 12, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-10, April 12, 1999.

Burns, Robert. For the First Time, Air Power Alone Gains Military Victory. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-53, June 7, 1999.

Burns, Robert. Reimer Reveals His Views on Kosovo Strategy. Current News Early Bird, pp 13-14, May 27, 1999.

Callahan, Marion. Apaches Make War 'Dirtier, Riskier'. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-13, April 23, 1999.

Capaccio, Tony. JSTARS Led Most Lethal Attacks on Serbs. Defense Week 20:13 July 6, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-8, July 6, 1999.

Capaccio, Tony. MiGs Tried to Shoot Down Air Force Tanker over Bosnia. Defense Week 20:6 May 17, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-27, May 18, 1999.

Carlson, Ingvar and Ramphal, Shridath. NATO's Vigilante Warfare Gives a Bad Example to the World. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-87, April 2, 1999.

Chapman, Gary. High-Tech Warfare Is a Losing Proposition. Los Angeles Times, p 5, April 26, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-133, April 27 1999.

Chipman, Don D. The Balkan Wars: Diplomacy, Politics, and Coalition Warfare. Strategic Review 28:23-31 Winter 2000.

Cigar, Norman. Target the Troops. Washington Post, p 36, March 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, p 47, March 25, 1999.

Cobbold, Richard. Waging Modern War: Interview with General Wesley K. Clark. RUSI Journal 146:5-11 December 2001.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=96096929&sid=8&Fmt=4&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Cohen, Roger. Elite Forces Standing By if Air Power Doesn't Work. New York Times, p A-7, April 3, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-57, April 5, 1999.

Cole, Jeff. Kosovo Conflict Continues to Drain U.S. Force's Supply of Cruise Missiles. Wall Street Journal, p 12, April 16, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-91, April 19, 1999.

Crawley, Vince. Clark: Apaches Had 'Significant Impact' on Kosovo. Defense Week 20:5 September 7, 1999.

Crawley, Vince. Clark Explains Choices Made in Air War. Air Force Times 60:25 June 26, 2000.

Cullen, Kevin. US Troops: 'If They Decided to Hit Us, We're in Range'. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-14, April 1, 1999.

Daalder, Ivo H. NATO and Kosovo. National Interest No. 58:113-117 Winter 1999-2000.

Dahlburg, John-Thor and Richter, Paul. NATO-Speak Adding to Crash Confusion. Los Angeles Times, p 19, May 7, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-17, May 10, 1999.

Davis, Bob. Some Hear Echoes of LBJ in Clinton's Kosovo Policy. Wall Street Journal, p 24, April 1, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 81-83, April 1, 1999.

Deliagin, M. America's Real Goals in Yugoslavia. International Affairs 45:75-84 1999.

Dobbs, Michael. Grounded During the Air War. Washington Post, sec C, p 1, April 23, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-8, April 23, 1999.

Drinkard, Jim. Lopsided Power Equation Cause Strains. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-11, May 11, 1999.

Drozdiak, William and Priest, Dana. NATO's Cautious Air Strategy Comes under Fire. Washington Post, p 26, May 16, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-113, May 17, 1999.

Duncan, Andrew. Kosovo--What Political Command Lessons Can Be Learned? Asia-Pacific Defence Reporter 25:26-27 October-November 1998.

Echoes from Allied Force. Air Force Magazine 82:54-55+ August 1999.

Editorial Comments: NATO's Kosovo Intervention. American Journal of International Law 93:824-862 October 1999.
Kosovo and the Law of "Humanitarian Intervention", by Louis Henkin, pp 824-828.
NATO's Campaign in Yugoslavia, by Ruth Wedgwood, pp 828-834
Anticipatory Humanitarian Intervention in Kosovo, by Jonathan I. Charney, pp 834-841 Kosovo: A "Good" or "Bad" War?, by Christine M. Chinkin, pp 841-847.
Kosovo, World Order, and the Future of International Law, by Richard A. Falk, pp 847-857.
Lessons of Kosovo, by Thomas M. Franck, pp 857-860.
Kosovo's Antinomies, by W. Michael Reisman, pp 860-862.

Edmundson, James V. Did Airpower Do It Alone? Officer Review 39:24 November 1999.

Europe, U.S. May Learn Opposing Lessons from Operation Allied Force. Aerospace Daily 191:251-252 August 17, 1999.

Evans, Michael. General Admits Nato Exaggerated Bombing Success. Current News Early Bird, p 18, May 11, 2000.
Reprinted from the London Times, May 11, 2000.

Evans, Michael. Kosovo Air Strategy a Humanitarian Disaster. Asia-Pacific Defence Reporter 25:28+ October-November 1998.

Fitchett, Joseph. Cruise Missiles Enhance NATO's Scope. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-44, April 6, 1999.

Fitchett, Joseph. Teamwork in the Air: Europeans Deliver Their Own Powerful Punch. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-53, March 29, 1999.

Fleishman, Jeffrey. NATO Attacks Revive Kosovo's Rebel Army. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-12, May 27, 1999.

Flights of Fibbery; Unable to Pick Off Serb Military Targets on the Ground, NATO Resorted to Picking Numbers Out of the Air. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-107, May 11, 2000.

Foote, Sheila. Senator: U.S. Should Invest More on Bombers, Less on TAC Air. Defense Daily 202:1-2 June 24, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=42679498&sid=2&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 32-33, June 24, 1999.

Foote, Sheila. Shelton: Risk Was the Key in Decision Not to Use Apaches. Defense Daily 203:2-3 September 10, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=44594717&sid=3&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Ford, Bob. Air-Strikes Strategy Decried. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-16, April 1, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Air War Pays Off; Serbians Pull Out. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:63-64+ June 14, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Kosovo Conflict Spurred New Airborne Technology Use. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:30-31 August 23, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Kosovo Report to Boost New JSF Jamming Role. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:22-23 August 30, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Lessons Learned May Be Flawed. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:64 June 14, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. NATO Unprepared for Electronic Combat. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:35-36 May 10, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Pentagon Dissecting Kosovo Combat Data. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:68-69 July 26, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Pentagon Gets Lock on F-117 Shootdown. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:28-30 April 19, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Russians Analyze U.S. Blackout Bomb. Aviation Week & Space Technology 152:59 February 14, 2000.

Fulghum, David A. Security Leaks and the Unknown Bedeviled Kosovo Commanders. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:33+ November 1, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. Yugoslavia Successfully Attacked by Computers. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:31+ August 23, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. and Wall, Robert. Allies Piece Together Destructive Air Campaign. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:72-73 July 26, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. and Wall, Robert. Data Link, EW Problems Pinpointed by Pentagon. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:87-88 September 6, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. and Wall, Robert. Intel Mistakes Trigger Chinese Embassy Bombing. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:34+ May 17, 1999.

Fulghum, David A. and Wall, Robert. Joint-STARS May Profit from Yugoslav Ops. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:74-75 July 26, 1999.

Garrison, Lawrence D. An Air War Can Work - (Letter). New York Times, sec A, p 28, April 29, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-93, April 30, 1999.

Gellman, Barton. The Path to Crisis: How the United States and Its Allies Went to War. Washington Post, p 1, April 18, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-43, April 19, 1999.

Geraci, Matthew J. Less Bang for the Buck. Army Logistician 34:24-27 July-August 2002.
Also available online at: http://www.almc.army.mil/alog/issues/JulAug02/MS761.htm

Gertz, Bill. Military Experts Disabuse Public's 'Perfect War' Illusion. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-40, May 3, 1999.

Getler, Michael. Has 7 Weeks' Bombing Really Hurt Milosevic? Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-9, May 12, 1999.

Gold, Philip. The New American Way of War. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-91, May 10, 1999.

Gordon, Michael R. Allied Air Chief Stresses Hitting Belgrade Sites. New York Times, p A-1, May 13, 1999.

Gordon, Michael R. Allies' War by Consensus Limiting Military Strategy. New York Times, p 1, April 4, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-38, April 5, 1999.

Gordon, John. The Operational Challenges of Task Force Hawk. Joint Force Quarterly 29:52-57 Autumn-Winter 2001-2002.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/1229.pdf

Gouré, Daniel and Lewis, Jeffrey. The Strained U.S. Military: Evidence from Operation Allied Force. National Security Studies Quarterly 6:21-42 Winter 2000.

Graham, Bradley. Air Vs. Ground: The Fight Is On; Air Force, Army Already Battling for Lead Roles in Future Wars. Washington Post, p 1, June 22, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 6-8, June 22, 1999.

Graham, Bradley. Balkans and the Gulf: A Study in Contrasts. Washington Post, p 11, May 1, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-41, May 3, 1999.

Graham, Bradley. Bombing Error Raises Questions about Pilots' Tactics. Washington Post, p 15, April 17, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-18, April 19, 1999.

Graham, Bradley. Kosovo Campaign Dwarfed by Gulf War; NATO Officials Acknowledge Underestimating Milosevic. Washington Post, p 24, April 2, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 46-47, April 2, 1999.

Grant, Rebecca. Nine Myths about Kosovo. Air Force Magazine 83:50-55 June 2000.

Grant, Rebecca. True Blue: Behind the Kosovo Numbers Game. Air Force Magazine 83:74-78 August 2000.

Grant, Rebecca. Wesley Clark's War: The Campaign Was in the Air, But SACEUR's (Supreme Allied Commander Europe) Mind Was On the Ground. Air Force Magazine 84:44-49 September 2001.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/sept2001/0901clark.asp

Grier, Peter and Thurman, James N. Lessons of a Remote-Control War. Christian Science Monitor, p 1, June 11, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-44, June 14, 1999.

Grier, Peter and Thurman, James N. Precision Weapons, Human Error. Christian Science Monitor, p 1, May 11, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-12, May 12, 1999.

Grossman, Elaine M. Air Force General Used Low Kosovo Damage Count as Starting Point. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-24, May 11, 2000.

Grossman, Elaine M. Kosovo War Tactics Compensated for Strategy Void, Expert Says. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-2, July 1, 1999.

Grossman, Elaine M. Senior General Warned NATO Repeatedly of Prolonged Kosovo Conflict. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-1, April 22, 1999.

Grossman, Elaine M. Short: U.S., NATO Lacked Clear Political Objectives in Kosovo War. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-47, May 25, 2000.

Grossman, Elaine M. U.S. Military Debates Link Between Kosovo Air War, Stated Objectives. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-25, April 20, 2000.

Hammond, Grant T. Why the 'Air War over Serbia' Report Matters. Defense Week 21:7 April 17, 2000.

Harris, John F. Clinton Saw No Alternative to Airstrikes. Washington Post, p 1, April 1, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 30-32, April 1, 1999.

Harris, John F. Despite 'Lessons,' Clinton Still Seen Lacking Strategy. Washington Post, p 15, March 27, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-46, March 29, 1999.

Haun, Phil M. A-10 FACs (Forward Air Controllers) Over Kosovo. Royal Air Force Air Power Review 6:79-105 Spring 2003.

Haun, Phil M. Airpower Versus a Fielded Army: A Construct for Air Operations in the Twenty-First Century. Aerospace Power Journal 15:81-88 Winter 2001.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=6030632

Hayden, William. The Kosovo Conflict: The Strategic Use of Displacement and the Obstacles to International Protection. Civil Wars 2:35-68 Spring 1999.

Hebert, Adam. AEF Plans Not Designed to Deal with Kosovo-Scale Missions, Officials Say. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-89, May 3, 1999.

Hebert, Adam. Lessons from Prior USAF Balkan Ops Aid Allied Force, Historian Says. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-15, April 16, 1999.

Herrly, Peter. Not Air or Land But a Victorious Combination of Both. Current News Early Bird, pp 66-68, May 5, 1999.

Hewson, Robert. Operation Allied Force: The First 30 Days. World Air Power Journal 38:16-29 Autumn/Fall 1999.

Hinman, Ellwood Skip, IV. The Politics of the Air Campaign: Challenges for the US Air Force in the Aftermath of Operation Allied Force. Aerospace Power Journal 14:82-84 Spring 2000.

Hirsh, Michael and Barry, John. How We Stumbled into War; The Clintonites Thought Milosevic Would Cave at the Threat of Cordite. The Inside Story on Why They Got It Wrong. Newsweek 133:38-40 April 12, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 41-44, April 5, 1999.

Hoagland, Jim. Tony Blair's Initiation. Washington Post, p B-7, April 18, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-22, April 20, 1999.

Hodge, Carl Cavanagh. Woodrow Wilson in Our Time: NATO's Goals in Kosovo. Parameters 31:125-135 Spring 2001.
Also available online at: http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/01spring/hodge.htm

Holmes, Kim R. No U.S. Ground War in Kosovo. Backgrounder No. 1278:1-3 April 22, 1999.

Hulsman, John C. Kosovo: The Way Out of the Quagmire. Backgrounder No.1349:1-7 February 25, 2000.

Jackson, Derrick Z. We've Huffed, Puffed, and Bombed--What Do We Do Now? Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-122, April 1, 1999.

Jensen, Ron. Forces Ensure Pilots Keep Their Edge. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-10, April 1, 1999.

Jumper, John P. Rapidly Deploying Aerospace Power: Lessons from Allied Force. Aerospace Power Journal 13:4-10 Winter 1999.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=3129378

Kaminski, Matthew and Reed, John. KLA Played Key Role in Allied Air War. Wall Street Journal -- Eastern Edition, p A-11, July 6, 1999.

Kaplan, Fred. Completion of the Air War a Long Process. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-12, April 15, 1999.

Kaplan, Fred. Shortcomings Seen in Air War. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-12, April 29, 1999.

Kaplan, Fred. View from the Air: Why Bombs Alone Don't Win Wars. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-37, April 1, 1999.

Keegan, John. Are the Air Strikes Working? Pressure Rises for Kosovo Invasion as Russian Diplomatic Mission Fails. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-29, April 1, 1999.

Keegan, John. Mistakes of the Blitz Are Being Repeated. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-100, May 12, 1999.

Kelly, Michael. Stumbling Forward. Washington Post, p 25, June 9, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 52-53, June 9, 1999. See reply by Bill Danvers, "Look Who's Spinning -- (Letter)," Current News Early Bird, pp 68-69, June 21, 1999.

Kemper, Bob. Military Analysts on TV Second-Guess Ex-Colleagues' Tactics. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-38, April 23, 1999.

Kemper, Bob. Serb Arms, Tactics Old but Effective. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-25, April 15, 1999.

Kitfield, James A. Another Look at the Air War That Was. Air Force Magazine 82:39-43 October 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/oct1999/1099eaker.asp

Kosovo Had 'Profound Effect on NATO's Will.' Aerospace Daily 193:260 February 17, 2000.

Kosovo Put Strain on DOD's Two-War Strategy, Cohen Says. Aerospace Daily 192:87 October 15, 1999.

Kreisher, Otto. Pilots Face High Risks with Serbs' Air Defenses. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-45, March 24, 1999.

Kruzhkov, V. NATO Action in Kosovo: Why Is Peace in Jeopardy? International Affairs (Moscow) 45, no. 6:85-95 1999.

Kuehl, Daniel T. Victory Through the Air--(Letter). New York Times, p 14, May 29, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, p 61, June 1, 1999. Reply to article by Blaine Harden and John Broder.
"Clinton Tries to Win the War and Keep the U.S. Voters Content," Current News Early Bird, pp 26-31, May 24, 1999.

Lambeth, Benjamin S. Lessons from the War in Kosovo. Joint Force Quarterly 34:126-133 Spring 2003.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/2034.pdf

Lambeth, Benjamin S. Kosovo and the Continuing SEAD (Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses) Challenge. Royal Air Force Air Power Review 5:86-101 Winter 2002.

Lambeth, Benjamin S. Task Force Hawk. Air Force Magazine 85:78-83 February 2002.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/feb2002/0202hawk.asp

Lancaster, Cory. AF General Details Lessons Learned from Airstrikes. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-3, October 18, 1999.

Landay, Jonathan S. Calculations Behind Air War. Christian Science Monitor, p 1, March 26, 1999.

Landay, Jonathan S. Tilting Toward All-Or-Nothing War. Christian Science Monitor, p 1, April 15, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-1, April 15, 1999.

Landay, Jonathan S. Weighing the Consequences of NATO Airstrikes. Christian Science Monitor, p 10, March 24, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-39, March 24, 1999

Landers, Jim. War's Goal Evolving. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-6, April 22, 1999.

Lane, Charles. The Air War. New Republic 220:12-14 May 10, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-66, April 29, 1999.

Lewis, Neil A. A Word Bolsters Case for Allied Intervention. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-29, April 5, 1999.

Longworth, R. C. A New Kind of War. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 55:28-31 July-August 1999.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=2068204

Love, Bill. NATO Bomb Sends Shock Waves Through Defence Mapping Agencies. Asian Defence Journal, p 54, July 1999.

Lynch, Colum. Some Criticize Telegraphing of US Actions. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-10, March 31, 1999.

Madigan, Charles M. Air Warfare Loses Ground with Public. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-8, May 7, 1999.

Mann, Jim. NATO Strikes Bring Changes for Powers. Los Angeles Times, p 5, March 31, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-31, April 1, 1999.

Mann, Paul. Belgrade Called Victor in War's First Phase. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:28-30 April 26, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-8, April 27, 1999.

Mann, Paul. Kosovo's Lessons Called Ambiguous. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:32-33+ June 28, 1999.

Mann, Paul. NATO Arraigned for 'Strategic Miscalculation.' Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:22-24 May 3, 1999.

Mann, Paul. Strategic Perils Multiply as Balkan War Lengthens. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:32-33 May 17, 1999.

Matthews, Mark and Bowman, Tom. Next Step Unclear if Airstrikes Don't Work. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-38, March 25, 1999.

Matthews, William. Clark: Kosovo Attack Set Standard for Waging War. Navy Times 48:13 July 7, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-4, July 7, 1999.

Mcmanus, Doyle and Marshall, Tyler. 'Collateral Damage' Isn't Limited to the Battlefield. Los Angeles Times, p 1, May 16, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-7, May 18, 1999.

McPeak, Merrill A. The Kosovo Result; The Facts Speak for Themselves. Armed Forces Journal International 137:62+ September 1999.

Meilinger, Phillip S. Gradual Escalation; NATO's Kosovo Air Campaign, Though Decried as a Strategy, May Be the Future of War. Armed Forces Journal International 137:18 October 1999.

Melloan, George. Air Power Was Impressive, But Was Kosovo a Victory? Wall Street Journal, sec A, p 19, June 8, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 59-61, June 8, 1999.

Menaker, Drusilla. Hopes Rise with Apaches' Arrival. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-22, April 29, 1999.

Milligan, Susan. NATO, War Threat Prove Energizing. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-45, May 6, 1999.

Mistaken Target; Disastrous Outcome. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-119, May 12, 1999.

Morrocco, John D. Kosovo Conflict Highlights Limits of Airpower and Capability Gaps. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:31-33 May 17, 1999.

Morrocco, John D. Kosovo Reveals NATO Interoperability Woes. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:32 August 9, 1999.

Moseley, Ray. Airstrikes Taking Toll on the Future of Serbia. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-27, April 8, 1999.

Mueller, Karl. Give the Air War More Time. Los Angeles Times, p 9, April 22, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-106, April 23, 1999.

Muradian, Vago. Kosovo Will Be to Post-2000 Defense as Gulf War Was to 1990s. Defense Daily 202:7-10 April 27, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=40902312&sid=2&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Muradian, Vago. Stealth Compromised by Not Destroying F-117 Wreckage. Defense Daily 202:3-6 April 2, 1999.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=40234830&sid=3&Fmt=3&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Murchison, William. Apologies Mix Poorly with Warfare. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-134, May 14, 1999.

Myers, Steven Lee. The Apaches Will Face High Risk over Kosovo. New York Times, sec A, p 10, May 1, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-68, May 3, 1999.

NATO Air Strikes Against Fielded Yugoslav Forces in Kosovo Were Able to Destroy 974 Mobile Targets ... Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:25 September 20, 1999.

NATO Allies Press Technological Advances, Clark Says. Aerospace Daily 191:347+ September 2, 1999.

NATO's Big Gamble: Airpower Will Suffice. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:74 April 5, 1999.

Newman, Richard J. Did Air Power Alone Really Carry the Day? The Pentagon Weighs the Lessons of Kosovo. U.S. News & World Report 126:40 June 14, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 22-23, June 7, 1999.

Newman, Richard J. Making War from 15,000 Ft. U.S. News & World Report 126:32-34+ May 10, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-8, May 3, 1999.

Newton, J. S. Pilot's View of Kosovo. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-36, April 9, 1999.

Nichols, Bill. Pounding Continues, but No 'Knockout'. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-24, April 1, 1999.

No Reason to Stop Bombing Yet. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-119, May 7, 1999.

Nyhan, David. Observations on an Air War. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-130, April 26, 1999.

O'Donnell, Paul and Stevenson, Seth. The Air War Heats Up as the Air War Heats Up. Newsweek 133:6 April 26, 1999.

O'Shea, Brendan. Kosovo: The Triumph of Ignorance. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 28:61-65 January-February 2005.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=15756201

Perry, James D. Operation Allied Force: The View from Beijing. Aerospace Power Journal 14:79-91 Summer 2000.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=3258217

Phillips, James and Anderson, James H. Lessons from the War in Kosovo. Backgrounder No. 1311:1-8 July 22, 1999.

Pomper, Miles A. Members Rally Around Kosovo Mission Despite Misgivings About Strategy. CQ Weekly 57:763-765 March 27, 1999.

Parker, Dan. Bombing Will Continue, Army Leader Says. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-25, May 5, 1999.

Parker, Richard. Generals: Widen War or Make Peace. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-8, May 24, 1999.

Perlez, Jane. Airstrikes, Maybe Lasting Months, Remain NATO's Plan. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-26, April 5, 1999.

Perry, James D. Operation Allied Force: The View from Beijing. Aerospace Power Journal 14:79-91 Summer 2000.

Pfaff, William. After NATO's Lies about Kosovo, It's Time to Come Clean. Current News Early Bird, p 20, May 11, 2000.

Phillips, James and Anderson, James H. Lessons from the War in Kosovo. Backgrounder No. 1311:1-8 July 22, 1999.

Pike, Otis. When Pilots Aim in Error. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-132, May 14, 1999.

Pomper, Miles A. Members Rally Around Kosovo Mission Despite Misgivings about Strategy. CQ Weekly 57:763-765 March 27, 1999.

Postwar Review Found Far Fewer Serb Weapons Hit in Kosovo. Washington Post, p 17, May 9, 2000.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, p 9, May 9, 2000.

Pounder, Gary. Opportunity Lost: Public Affairs, Information Operations, and the Air War Against Serbia. Aerospace Power Journal 14:56-78 Summer 2000.

President Clinton's Address on Airstrikes Against Yugoslavia. New York Times, p 15, March 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-1, March 25, 1999.

Priest, Dana. Air War Honed NATO Strike Forces and Commanders. Washington Post, p 16, June 5, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-50, June 7, 1999.

Priest, Dana. Delayed Plane to Aid NATO in Tracking Ground Moves. Washington Post, p 27, March 28 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-31, March 29, 1999.

Priest, Dana. More U.S. Troops Head to Albania as NATO Adds Targets. Washington Post, p 17, April 24, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-32, April 26, 1999.

Proctor, Paul. Aging NATO AWACS Prove Reliable in Balkans Campaign. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:43 August 30, 1999.

Rake, James and Dane Marolt. Cooperation, Success and Precision in Kosovo: Security Assistance Hits the Mark. DISAM Journal 22:1-6 Winter 1999-2000.

Range, Accuracy of Allied Force Weapons Cited by NATO Chief. Aerospace Daily 193:452 March 23, 2000.

Reveron, Derek S. Coalition Warfare: The Commander's Role. Defense & Security Analysis 18:107-121 June 2002.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=10424079

Richter, Paul. Almost All U.S. Airstrikes Involve 'Smart' Bombs. Los Angeles Times, p 19, April 13, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-27, April 14, 1999.

Richter, Paul. As Air Raids Drag On, NATO Fears Stalemate. Los Angeles Times, p 1, May 14, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-12, May 17, 1999.

Ricks, Thomas E. and Squeo, Anne Marie. Kosovo Campaign Showcased the Effectiveness of Airpower (Crisis in Kosovo). Wall Street Journal, sec A, p 8, June 4, 1999.
Also available in:, Current News Early Bird pp 25-28, June 4, 1999.

Rieff, David. What Bombs Can't Do. New York Times, p A-31, March 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 49-51, March 25, 1999.

Rolfsen, Bruce. No Place to Land: Lack of Planning Left Air Force Short of Airfields in Europe During Allied Force, GAO Report Says. Air Force Times 61:30 June 18, 2001.

Rohde, David. A High-Tech Threat with a Low-Tech Track Record. New York Times, sec 4, p 6, April 4, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-31, April 5, 1999.

Rosenbush, Steve. U.S., NATO Confident of Air Power. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-35, April 12, 1999.

Ryan, Michael E. Air Power Is Working in Kosovo. Washington Post, p 35, June 4, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 57-58, June 4, 1999.

Sachs, Susan. While Some Americans Are Saying, 'Just Shoot the Man'. New York Times, sec A, p 16, May 25, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-1, May 25, 1999.

Scales, Robert H. Adaptive Enemies: Achieving Victory By Avoiding Defeat. Joint Force Quarterly 23:7-14 Autumn-Winter 1999-2000.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/0423.pdf

Scarborough, Rowan. Bombing Utilities Could Backfire, Experts Warn. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-17, May 26, 1999.

Scarborough, Rowan. Cost in Dollars and Kosovar Lives High in Gradual, Exclusive Use of Air Strikes. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-22, June 14, 1999.

Scarborough, Rowan. Doubt Cast on Use of Apaches. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-70, May 3, 1999.

Schmetzer, Uli. Bridge Strikes Hurt Bystander Nations. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-44, April 13, 1999.

Schmitt, Eric. Downing a Stealth Jet: Shrewd Tactics or a Lucky Shot? New York Times, sec 1, p 1, April 11, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-57, April 12, 1999.

Schmitt, Eric. Nighttime Training and AWACS Capitalize on MIG's Weak Spots. New York Times, p A-5, March 27, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-49, March 29, 1999.

Schmitt, Eric. Out of NATO's Reach: Yugoslavia's Treetop War. New York Times, p 7, April 24, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-31, April 26, 1999.

Schmitt, Eric and Gordon, Michael R. Shift in Targets Let NATO Jets Tip the Balance. New York Times, p 1, June 5, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-46, June 7, 1999.

Schneider, William. Kosovo's the First 'Third Way' War. Los Angeles Times, sec M, p 1, June 20, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-101, June 21, 1999.

Sennott, Charles M. Viewed from NATO Jet Cockpits, Bombing Strategy Is Frustrating. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-42, April 6, 1999.

Shafer, Ronald G. Washington Wire; Finger-pointing Begins at the Pentagon over Criticism of the Kosovo Bombing. Wall Street Journal, p 1, April 2, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, p 25, April 2, 1999.

Shelsby, Ted. Ugly Duckling Jet Has Day in the Sun. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-67, April 20, 1999.

Simpson, Theodore R. Using Space to Win Wars. Aerospace America 38:28-31 February 2000.

Sloyan, Patrick J. Air War Widens. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-18, March 31, 1999.

Sloyan, Patrick J. `Frustrating Scenario'. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-41, March 25, 1999.

Sloyan, Patrick J. A Hawk Waiting in the Wings. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-15, April 14, 1999.

Sloyan, Patrick J. Non-Stop Bombing Begins in Kosovo. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-7, May 13, 1999.

Smith, Mathew. Analysis of the NATO Information Campaign--In the War Against Yugoslavia. Australian Defence Force Journal No.140:48-54 January-February 2000.

Solana, Javier. NATO's Success in Kosovo. Foreign Affairs 78:114-120 November-December 1999.

Sparaco, Pierre. Allied Teamwork Deemed Effective. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:30 April 19, 1999.

Sparaco, Pierre. France Assesses Kosovo Lessons. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:67 May 31, 1995.

Sparaco, Pierre. France Reviews Role in Kosovo Operations. Aviation Week & Space Technology 151:25-26 July 12, 1999.

Sparaco, Pierre. Security Concerns Impede Alliances. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:37-38 April 26, 1999.

Spencer, Jack. Catalogue of Confusion: The Clinton Administration's War Aims in Kosovo. Backgrounder No. 1281:1-9 May 13, 1999.

Steele, Dennis. Operation Allied Force: The Tally and the Toll. Army 49:20-22 June 1999.

Stephens, Alan. Operation Allied Force. Asia-Pacific Defence Reporter 25:20-21 August-September 1999.

Stout, David. Marching Off to Other Nations' Wars, Americans Must Tiptoe Around 1794 Neutrality Law. New York Times, sec A, p 14, April 20, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-32, April 21, 1999.

Tamayo, Juan O. Cold War Habits Explain NATO's Cautious Attack on Serbs. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-20, May 6, 1999.

Telltale Bombs. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-193, May 17, 1999.

Thomma, Steven. Many Ask Is Mission Worth Risk to Troops. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-36, March 25, 1999.

Thompson, Mark. Warfighting 101; The Pentagon Is Already Debating the Military Lessons of Kosovo. There Are Some Big Surprises. Time 153:50 June 14, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird, pp 20-22, June 7, 1999.

Tirpak, John A. Jumper: NATO Lucky Serbs Didn't Have Better Equipment. Air Force Magazine 82:10-11 October 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/Oct1999/1099jumper.asp

Tirpak, John A. Kosovo Retrospective: USAF Leaders and Others Tell More of the Story Behind the Allied Force Campaign. Air Force Magazine 83:28-33 April 2000.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/april2000/0400koso.asp

Tirpak, John A. Lessons Learned and Re-Learned. Air Force Magazine 82:23-25 August 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/aug1999/0899watch.asp

Tirpak, John A. The Leverage of Airpower. Air Force Magazine 82:34 May 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-80, May 3, 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/may1999/0599watch.asp

Tirpak, John A. The NATO Way of War. Air Force Magazine 82:24-27 December 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/dec1999/1299watch.asp

Tirpak, John A. Short's View of the Air Campaign. Air Force Magazine 82:43+ September 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/sept1999/0999watch.asp

Tirpak, John A. With Stealth in the Balkans. Air Force Magazine 82:22-28 October 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/oct1999/1099stealth.asp

US Explanation on Embassy Attack Unacceptable. Beijing Review 42:9-11 July 5, 1999.

USAF Armament Center Applies Kosovo Lessons. Aerospace Daily 193:487+ March 30, 2000.

USAF General Criticizes NATO Handling of Allied Force Target Sets. Aerospace Daily 192:123+ October 22, 1999.

Verbatim Special: The Balkan War. Air Force Magazine 82:64-65 August 1999.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/aug1999/0899verb.asp

Verton, Daniel. JSTARS Flies High over Yugoslavia. Federal Computer Week 13:24+ May 31, 1999. Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-30, June 9, 1999.

Vickers, Michael G. Will We Heed Lessons of War in Kosovo? Current News Early Bird, pp 65-66, June 16, 1999.

Viviano, Frank. Kosovo Crisis Serves as Model of Wars to Come. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-13, April 8, 1999.

Walker, Tom. B52 Attacks Leave a Deadly Silence. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-2, June 9, 1999.
Reprinted from the London Times, June 8, 1999.

Wall, Robert. Airspace Control Challenges Allies. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:30-31 April 26, 1999.

Wall, Robert. E-2Cs Become Battle Managers with Reduced AEW Role. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:38 May 10, 1999.

Wall, Robert. EC-130Hs Blanket Serb Communications. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:30 May 3, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-86, May 3, 1999.

Wall, Robert. F-14 Upgrades to Improve Strike, Recon for Air War. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:54-55 June 7, 1999.

Wall, Robert. Joint-STARS Changes Operational Scheme. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:25-26+ May 3, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-76, May 3, 1999.

Wall, Robert. NATO Expands Use of UAVs. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:55 June 7, 1999.

Wall, Robert. NATO Shifts Tactics to Attack Ground Forces. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:22-24 April 12, 1999.

Wall, Robert. Pentagon Details Flaws in Kosovo Weapons. Aviation Week & Space Technology 152:43-44 February 21, 2000.

Wall, Robert. Sustained Carrier Raids Demonstrate New Strike Tactics. Aviation Week & Space Technology 150:37-39 May 10, 1999.

Weiner, Tim and Perlez, Jane. How Clinton Approved the Strikes on Belgrade. New York Times, p 1, April 4, 1999.
Also available in: Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-23, April 5, 1999.

Weisman, Jonathan. Administration Eases Demands on Milosevic, Goal of Airstrikes. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-22, March 29, 1999.

Whittle, Richard. Strategy, Weapons Would Be Similar to Gulf War, Experts Say. Current News Early Bird Supplement, p A-44, March 25, 1999.

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