Operation Iraqi Freedom:
Special Operations
ACSC
Research Topic
March 2005
Compiled by Bibliography Branch
Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center
Maxwell AFB, AL
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All sites listed were last accessed on March 27, 2005.
ABCNEWS.com. Special Ops Well-Prepped for U.S.
Needs.
Available online at:
http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/story?id=97679&page=1
ABCNEWS.com.
White House Asks for Study on CIA Forces: White House Asks for
Study on Whether to Transfer CIA Forces to Pentagon.
November 2004.
Available online:
http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory?id=275069
Air Force Doctrine Document AFDD 2-7 Special Operations.
Available online:
https://www.doctrine.af.mil/Library/Doctrine/afdd2-7.pdf
Air Force Special Operations Command. Website.
Available online:
https://www.afsoc.af.mil/
Special
Operations, Air University Library Bibliography, compiled by Janet Seymour,
September 1997.
Available online:
http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/special/sof97toc.htm
Special Operations - Airpower Aspects, OTS Current
Military Topic, Air University Library Bibliography compiled by Glenda
Armstrong, February 2005.
Available online:
http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/spops/sofair99.htm
CENTCOM Leaflet Gallery. CNN.com. Pentagon Officials: Special Forces in Northern Iraq.
Jan. 30, 2003. CNN.com. Special Operations Forces in Iraq. Apr. 8, 2003. Coughlin, Kevin. The Star-Ledger War - It's Not Just Firing Guns - By
Leaflet, TV, Radio and Loudspeaker, U.S. Wages Information Campaign..
April 11, 2003. DefenseLINK News. Iraqi Freedom Largest Special Ops Effort Since
Vietnam. Federal Computer Week. DOD Aims Psy-Ops at Iraqi Officers. March
24, 2003. Federation of American Scientists. Special Operations Command (SOCOM). Global Security.org. Operation Iraqi Freedom. IWS - The Information Warfare Site. Psychological Operations. Jane's Defence News. Iraq's Western Desert: A 'Special Forces
Playground'. Kelley, Jack. Covert Troops Fight Shadow War Off-Camera. USA Today
April 7, 2003. San Diego Union Tribune, Associated Press. When Bombs Fall Silent,
the Psychological Warfare is Still at Full Scale. March 21, 2003. United States. Marine Corps Press Release. Iraqi Freedom Largest
Special Ops Effort Since Vietnam. United States Special Operations Command. Website. USNews.com. Psychological Operations: Getting the Message to Iraqis.
March 21, 2003. VOA News. Carrier Constellation Prints Leaflets for Fighter Jet
Distribution. March 24, 2003. Allen, Patrick D. Special Operations Aviation: The Men and Machines
of the Elite Units. Osceola, WI, MBI Publishing, 1999. 128 p. Allen, Patrick H. F. US Special Operations Command in Action.
Shrewsbury, Airlife, 2002. 144 p. Dunnigan, James F.
The Perfect Soldier: Special Operations, Commandos, and the Future of U.S.
Warfare. New York, Citadel
Press, 2004. 308 p. The Mammoth Book of Elite Forces, edited by Jon E. Lewis.
New York, Carroll & Graf, 2001. 616 p. Moore, Robin. Hunting Down Saddam: The Inside Story of the
Search and Capture. New York, St. Martin's Press, 2004. 283 p. Mullin, T. J. Special Operations: Weapons & Tactics.
Mechanicsburg, PA, Stackpole Books, 2003. 175 p. Pushies, Fred J. U.S. Air Force Special Ops. Osceola, WI,
MBI Publishing Company, 2000. 128 p. Pushies, Fred J. The Complete Book of U.S. Special Operations
Forces. St. Paul, MN MBI Pub. Co., 2004. 176 p. Walter, John. The World's Elite Forces: Small Arms & Accessories.
Mechanicsburg, PA, Stackpole Books, 2002. 144 p. Some of the documents cited in this section are
student papers written to fulfill PME school requirements. Franco, George H. Insurgency in Urban Areas: Implications for SOF.
Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2000. 130 p. Hester, Johnny L. Integration of of Special
Operations Forces into the Joint Targeting Process.
Fort Leavenworth, KS, United States Army Command and general Staff College,
2003. 84 p. LeMire, Guy A. Employing Special Operations Forces to Conduct Deception in
Support of Shaping and Decisive Operations: A Monograph. Fort Leavenworth,
KS, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2002. 53 p. Ramirez, Armando J. From Bosnia to Baghdad: The Evolution of
US Army Special Forces from 1995-2004. Monterey, CA, Naval
Postgraduate School, 2004. U.S. Special Operations Command. Acquisition and Logistics Center.
Special Operations Technology Execution Plan: Fiscal Year 2004.
MacDill AFB, FL, U.S. Special Operations Command, 2004. 229 p. Bacon, Lance M. Awesome Airmen: Special-Operations Troops
Honored for Heroic Acts in Afghanistan and Iraq. Air Force Times
63:26-28 July 14, 2003. Barnes, Frederick. Iraq Lessons Accelerate
Defense Restructuring. Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic
Policy 31:10 2003. Braganca, Eric. The Evolution of Special
Operations Joint Forces. JFQ: Joint Force Quarterly
35:64-69 Autumn 2004. Dao, James. War Plan Drew U.S. Commandos from Shadows. New
York Times April 28, 2003. Dehghanpisheh, Babak. Now We Have America. Newsweek 141:35
April 7, 2003. Hebert, Adam J. The Air Commandos. Air Force Magazine 88:32-38
March 2005.
Hoffman, Bruce. Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Iraq.
Special Warfare 17:6-17 December 2004. Muradian, Vago. Allied
Special Forces Took Western Iraq. Defense News 18:1+ May 19,
2003. Robinson, Linda. A Few Good Men. U.S. News & World
Report 138:26-28 February 14, 2005. Robinson, Linda and Fang, Bay. The Silent Warriors. U.S. News
& World Report 134:28-30 April 14, 2003. Rolfsen, Bruce. SPEC OPS: Special job, Special Pay.
Air Force Times 65:8-10 March 14, 2005. Schmitt, Eric.
Commandos See Duty on U.S. Soil in New Role in Terrorism Fight. New
York Times 1,Op January 23, 2005. Schmitt, Eric. Pentagon
Sends Its Spies to Join Fight on Terror. New York Times A1, Op
January 24, 2005.
Scully, Megan. Fledgling UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) Program Proved
Itself in Iraq War. Army Times 64:32 February 23, 2004. The Secret War. Newsweek 141:24-31 April 21, 2003. Shanker, Thom. Pentagon Sets Bonuses to Retain Members of Special
Operations. New York Times 10 February 6, 2005.
Some Iraqi Soldiers Train with the Best of the
Best. Army Times 65:16 February 14, 2005. Thomas, Evan. The War Room. Newsweek 141:22-32 March
31, 2003. Ware, Michael. Battling Terrorists in the Hills. Time
161:54-55 April 7, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.centcom.mil/Galleries/leaflets/showleaflets.asp
Shows examples of actual leaflets that have been dropped both in English and
Arabic, plus the dates the leaflets were dropped.
Available online at: http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/meast/01/29/sprj.irq.us.troops/index.html
Available online at: http://edition.cnn.com/2003/US/04/07/hln.terror.int/
Available online at: http://www.globalsecurity.org/org/news/2003/030411-iraq01.htm
Available online at: http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Apr2003/n04042003_200304045.html
Available online at: http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2003/0317/web-psyops-03-21-03.asp
Available online at: http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/dod/socom/
Describes the organization and missions of SOCOM.
Available online at: http://globalsecurity.org/military/ops/iraqi_freedom.htm
Discusses special operations forces operations that cover the entire country of
Iraq.
Available online at: http://www.iwar.org.uk/psyops/
Documents, news articles and links to relevant sites.
Available online at: http://www.janes.com/defence/news/jdw/jdw030403_1_n.shtml
Discusses the U.S., British and Australian special forces operations in Northern
Iraq.
Available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=J0E304482219203&db=f5h
Covert forces target Iraq's technology and leaders. Article describes the
efforts conducted behind the scenes to pave the way for convention ground forces
into the heart of Iraq.
Available online at: http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/world/iraq/20030321-2321-war-thepauses.html
Available online at: http://www.usmc.mil/marinelink/mcn2000.nsf/ac95bc775efc34c685256ab50049d458/882d3568d415d1d885256d01004ad2d0?OpenDocument
Available online: http://www.socom.mil/
Available online at: http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/iraq/articles/qatar030321.htm
Available online at: http://www.voanews.com/article.cfm?objectID=AE772DEA-3023-4EDB-B6DA7413AC243C35
Books
Book call no.: 355.31 A428s
Covers United States Army, Air Force, Marine Corps and Navy special operations
personnel, tactics and equipment.
Book call no.: 356.1670973 A428u
Book call no.:
356.167 D924p
Book call no.: 356.167 M265
956.70443 M823h
Book call no.: 356.16 M959s
Book call no.: 358.4 P9871u
Book call no.: 356.160973 P987c
An illustrated guide to the weapons of the world's special forces. Covers the
range of purpose-built guns, grenades, ammunition and observation tools.
Book call no.: 355.824 W232w
Documents
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 F8251i
"Technological and political changes are taking place today that require that
the United States Army be prepared to fight in every conceivable environment and
under any conceivable conditions and restraints. Recent events in Afghanistan
and Iraq testify to the fact that
Special
Operations Force, with the proper
integration into and the support of the joint targeting process, are truly
indispensable on the battlefield as well as before and after the conflict. "
Also available online at:
http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA416890
Doc. call no.:
M-U 42022 H5881i
Examines the art of deception and analyzes the potential use of employing
U.S. Special Operations Forces to conduct deception in support of conventional
operations.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 L5541e
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 R173f
Doc. call no.: M-U 43903-23
Periodicals
This article focuses on special operations joint
forces. A familiar complaint about Special Operations Forces (SOF) is that they
are not integrated with conventional forces. However, SOF leaders recognize that
they support other forces, land, sea, air, and space, just as those forces
support special operations and one another. This reality has led to the
improvement of special operations joint forces in Iraq, which is largely based
on experiences in Afghanistan. Prior to Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, Special
Operations Forces understood the need to integrate joint force. Doctrine
indicates that SOF headquarters should include joint forces expertise in mission
planning and execution.
Also available online:
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=15248331
Also available online at: http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/meast/04/28/nyt.dao/
Focuses on the combined military efforts of Kurdish peshmerga guerrillas and
U.S. Special Operations Forces in Iraq, and how the close cooperation between
U.S. Special Forces and the peshmerga has led to a sense of camaraderie.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9406938&db=aph
Discusses the rise in the demand for U.S. Air
Force's special operations forces. War on terrorism; Increases in manpower,
responsibilities and equipment; Standards of the special operations forces.
This article reports that "U.S. News & World Report"
was given exclusive access to this counterterrorist unit, modeled on the Delta
Force, and another elite unit, the 36th Commando Battalion, which make up the
Iraqi Special Operations Forces Brigade, as well as to the Americans grooming
them since last year. In an unpublicized action in mid-January, Operation Trojan
Roundup, both units of the ISOF carried out a massive raid in Baghdad in search
of those who attacked a Kellogg Brown & Root convoy and captured American
soldier Keith Maupin last year.
Reports that an estimated 10,000 special operations forces (SOF) are fighting in
Iraq. Discusses the various operations that are underway.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9460483&db=aph
Focuses on a small group of super-secret U.S.
commandos with state-of-the-art weaponry who protect the presidency in ways that
have never been fully revealed before. Deployment of these elite forces after
the September 11, 2001 attacks; Secret counterterrorism program under which
these commandos operate; Mention of the commandos in William M. Arkin's "Code
Names: Deciphering U.S. Military Plans, Programs and Operations in the 9/11
World"; Observation that the precise number of these Special Operations forces
in Washington, D.C. is highly classified; Information on the special-missions
units; Why the role of the armed forces in the U.S. has been a contentious
issue.
Reports that the Pentagon has created battlefield intelligence units that for
the first time have been assigned to work directly with Special Operations
forces on secret counterterrorism missions, tasks that until now were largely
the province of the Central Intelligence Agency. Use of the small clandestine
teams to provide the military's elite Special Operations units with battlefield
intelligence using advanced technology, to recruit spies in foreign countries,
and to scout potential targets; Example of Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld's
desire to expand the Pentagon's ability to gather human intelligence
(information gathered by spies rather than technological means) both within the
military services and the Defense Intelligence Agency, whose focus is on
intelligence used in the battlefield.
Discusses how psychological warfare operators used cultural stereotypes to
defeat the undisciplined Fedayeen. Examines the role of U.S. special forces in
looking for leadership targets and gathering intelligence data.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9515790&db=aph
Reports that the U.S. Defense Department has approve
a series of incentives for members of Special Operations Forces who remain the
military. Bonus given to experienced and trained combat personnel who promise to
extend their military service for a number of years; Design of the pay and
incentives package to reduce the number of officers transferring to
higher-paying civilian security jobs in Iraq and elsewhere.
Reports on the training of Iraqi Army soldiers with the help of the U.S. Army
Special Forces. Mission of the U.S. Green Berets for the Iraqi Army; Views of a
Special Forces soldier on the improvement of the Iraqi army; Role of the Iraqis'
chain of command in their soldiers' equipment.
Describes the use of mind games by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency in their
propaganda campaign against leaders of the Iraqi regime; Role of psychological
warfare and U.S. Special Forces in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9359035&db=aph
Describes the artillery being used by U.S. special forces in northern Iraq
against the Ansar al-Islam.
Also available online at: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?an=9394776&db=aph