Arbour, Louise. War Crimes and the Culture of Peace. Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 2002. 64 p. (Senator Keith Davy lecture series)
Book call no.: 341.69 A666w

Barash, David P. and Webel, Charles P. Peace and Conflict Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications, 2002. 571 p.
Book call no.: 303.66 B225p

Beyond Declaring Victory and Coming Home: The Challenges of Peace and Stability Operation, edited by Max G. Manwaring and Anthony James Joes. Westport, CT, Praeger, 2000. 264 p.
Book call no.: 327.172 B573

Bhatia, Michael V. War and Intervention Issues for Contemporary Peace Operations. Bloomfield, CT, Kumarian Press, 2003. 222 p.
Book call no. 341.5 B575w

Bialke, Joseph P. United Nations Peace Operations: The Applicable Norms and the Application of the Law of Armed Conflict. Iowa City, IA, University of Iowa. College of Law, 2000. 116 p. (Thesis)
The author details the history and applicable norms of UN peacekeeping operations.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380930
Book call no.: 341.584 B576u

Boyce, James K. Investing In Peace: Aid and Conditionality After Civil Wars. Oxford, UK, Oxford University Press, 2002. 85 p. (Adelphi paper 351)
Book call no.: 909.82 I61a no. 351

Byman, Daniel L. Keeping the Peace: Lasting Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts. Baltimore, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002. 280 p.
Book call no.: 305.800905 B993k

Caplan, Richard. A New Trusteeship?: The International Administration of War Torn Territories. Oxford, UK, Oxford University Press for the International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2002. (Adelphi paper, 341.)
Examines recent experiences in Eastern Slavonia, Bosnia, Kosovo, and East Timor, focusing on different forms of administration, the effectiveness of international transitional authorities, and related strategic, political, and economic issues; recommendations. Published for the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS).
Book call no.: 909.82 I61a no 341

Carpenter, Ted G. Peace & Freedom: Foreign Policy for a Constitutional Republic. Washington, CATO Institute, 2002. 318 p.
Book call no.: 327.7300905 C297p

Conflict Prevention: Path to Peace or Grand Illusion? edited by David Carment and Albrecht Schnabel. New York, United Nations University Press, 2003. 296 p.
Book call no.: 341.523 C748

Containing Conflict: Cases in Preventive Diplomacy, edited by Sato Hideo. Japan Center for International Exchange, 2003. 223 p.
Five Japanese international relations experts address the question of how the international community can best prevent and respond to sudden regional conflicts.
Book call no.: 327.17 C759

Cottey, Andrew and Forester, Anthony. Reshaping Defence Diplomacy New Roles for Military Cooperation and Assistance. Oxford, England, Oxford University Press for the International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2004. 84 p. (Adelphi paper, 365)
Book call no. 909.82 I61a no. 365

Cousens, Elizabeth M. Peacebuilding as Politics: Cultivating Peace in Fragile Societies, edited by Elizabeth M. Cousens and Chetan Kuman. Boulder, CO, Lynne Rienner, 2001. 248 p.
Book call no.: 327.172 P3558

Darby, John. The Effects of Violence On Peace Processes. Washington, United States Institute of Peace, 2001. 153 p.
Darby focuses on peace processes that have involved actors other than the United Nations. He analyzes the nature and impact of four interrelated kinds of violence: violence by the state, violence by militants, violence in the community, and the emergence of new violence-related issues during negotiations.
Book call no.: 327.172 D213e

Democratic Accountability and the Use of Force in International Law, edited by Charlotte Ku and Harold K. Jacobson. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2003. 440 p.
Book call no.: 341.584 D383

Enderlin, Charles. Shattered Dreams: The Failure of the Peace Process in the Middle East 1995-2002. New York, Other Press, 2002. 458 p.
Book call no.: 956.053 E56s

Fiedler, Michael R. UN Peace Operations, Conditions for Success. Wright Patterson AFB, OH, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2000. 135 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380018
Book call no.: 341.584 F452u

Fleitz, Frederick H. Peacekeeping Fiascoes of the 1990's: Causes, Solutions, and U.S. Interests. Westport, CT, Praeger, 2002. 224 p.
The book offers lessons and warnings for the U.S. mission in Afghanistan. Peacekeeping will work only within a narrow range of circumstances, and the only type that works is traditional peacekeeping, a mechanism to manage conflict and facilitate and supervise truces, marked by: unarmed or lightly armed multilateral troops deployed with the consent of state-party disputants; impartiality; use of force only in self-defense.
Book call no.: 341.584 F596p

Force For Peace, edited by Paul Beaver. London, Newsdesk Communications , 2000. 168 p.
Book call no.: 341.584 F697

Fragile Peace: State Failure, Violence and Development in Crisis Regions, edited by Tobias Debiel and Axel Klein. London, Zed Books, 2002. 234 p.
The contributors to this volume explore a number of regions in which internal violence and conflict stubbornly persist, and why domestic and international efforts to re-establish order, human security, democratic processes, and an economy capable of developing, are proving so difficult to achieve. Particular attention is given to three important regions - the Caucasus, Central America and the Horn of Africa.
Book call no.: 303.6 F811

Gerson, Allan and Colletta, Nat J. Privatizing Peace: From Conflict to Security. Ardsley, NY, Transnational Publishers, 2002. 207 p.
Book call no.: 327.172 G382p

Gisselquist, Rachel M. To Rid the Scourge of War: UN Peace Operations and Today's Crises. Cambridge, MA, World Peace Foundation. WPF Program on Intrastate Conflict, 2002. 44 p.
Book call no.: 341.584 G535t

Gregoire, Joseph Philippe. The Bases of French Peace Operations Doctrine: Problematical Scope of France's Military Engagements Within the U.N. or NATO Framework. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College. Strategic Studies Institute, September 2002. 20 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401893
Book call no.: 355.033544 G819b

Halberstam, David. War in a Time of Peace: Bush, Clinton, and the Generals. New York, Scribner, 2001. 543 p.
Book call no.: 327.73 H157w

Hamburg, David A. No More Killing Fields: Preventing Deadly Conflict. Lanham, MD, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002. p
Book call no.: 940.5405 H199n

Harris, Ian M. and Morrison, Mary Lee. Peace Education. 2nd. Jefferson NC, McFarland & Company, Inc., 2003. 296 p.
The very notion of what is meant by peace, at least domestically, has been profoundly affected by the events of September 11, 2001. The present volume begins with a discussion of the concepts of peace and peace education. It then considers religious and historical concepts of war, peace and peace education, describes how peace education can move people to work for social change and look for alternatives to violence, and discusses ways to begin implementing peace education in schools, churches and other community settings such as youth groups.
Book call no.: 303.66 H314p

The Human in Command: Peace Support Operations, edited by Peter Essens, Ad Vogelaar Erhan Tanercan and Donna Winslow. Amsterdam, Netherlands, Mets & Schilt, 2001. 447 p.
The book combines personal experiences of commanders, empirical data on peace support issues and theoretical models. It provides insight into issues, such as: leadership, mission characteristics, mission preparation and training, operational conditions and processes, multinational cooperation, and the effectiveness of individual commanders, units and missions.
Book call no.: 355.357 H918

Human Security and the New Diplomacy: Protecting People, Promoting Peace, edited by Robert G. McRae and Don Hubert. Montreal, McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 279 p.
How Canada's campaign to ban land-mines led to foreign policy initiatives that focused on the security of civilians in situations of armed conflict. Human Security and the New Diplomacy is a case-study of a major Canadian foreign policy initiative and a detailed account of the first phase of the human security agenda.
Book call no.: 341.584 H918

Hunt, Scott A. The Future of Peace: On the Front Lines With the World's Great Peacemakers. San Francisco, CA, HarperSanFrancisco, 2002. 368 p.
Book call no.: 303.66 H943f

Jett, Dennis C. Why Peacekeeping Fails. New York, St. Martin's, 2000. 236 p.
Book call no.: 341.584 J58w

Kemp, Graham and Fry, Douglas P. Keeping the Peace: Conflict Resolution and Peaceful Societies Around the World, edited by Graham Kemp and Douglas P. Fry. New York, Routledge, 2004. 231 p. (War and society v. 8)
Book call no.: 327.172 K262

Lemke, Douglas. Regions of War and Peace. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 2002. 235 p. (Cambridge Studies in International Relations)
The motivation of this book is the effort to extend knowledge about the conditions under which great powers fight wars, so as to determine whether that knowledge can increase our understanding of the conditions under which developing states fight wars.
Book call no.: 355.027 L544r

MacKinnon, Michel G. The Evolution of US Peacekeeping Policy Under Clinton: A Fairweather Friend? London, Frank Cass, 2000. 203 p. (The Cass series on peacekeeping, 6.)
Book call no.: 327.73004049 M155e

Mani, Rama. Beyond Retribution: Seeking Justice in the Shadows of War. Cambridge, UK, Polity Press, 2002. 246 p.
Mani's book investigates the past deeds and future prospects of the reflection, resolution, and rebuilding that must occur in low-income post-conflict societies. Mani divides the first two sections of her book into "Justice in Theory" and "Justice in Practice," holding true in her organization to what she articulates in her conclusion: that "justice is at once philosophical and political, universal in its existence and yet highly individualized and culturally shaped in its expression". After guiding the reader through a meticulously organized and thorough examination of divergent concepts of justice in post-conflict societies, Mani offers a synthesis of her findings and recommendations for change.
Book call no.: 172.2 M278b

Mastnak, Tomaz. Crusading Peace: Christendom, the Muslim World, and Western Political Order. Berkley, CA, University of California Press, 2002. 406 p.
The author traces ideas and events in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries that lead to the first crusade and how Muslims were made the enemy of Christianity and how the unification of Christian society under the banner of "holy peace" came to be.
Book call no.: 909.07 M423x

Mays, Terry M. Historical Dictionary of Multinational Peacekeeping. 2nd. ed. Lanham, MD, Scarecrow Press, 2004. 319 p.
Book call no. 341.52 M474h 2004

McCoubrey, H. and Morris Justin. Regional Peacekeeping in the Post Cold War Era. Boston, Kluwer Law International, 2000. 252 p.
Book call no.: 341.584 M131r

Muscat, Robert J. Investing In Peace: How Development Aid Can Prevent Or Promote Conflict. Armonk, NY, M.E. Sharpe, 2002. 265 p.
Book call no.: 338.91 M985i

Olonisakin, Funmi. Reinventing Peacekeeping in Africa: Conceptual and Legal Issues in ECOMOG Operations. The Hague, Kluwar Law International, 2000. 246 p.
Book call no.: 341.584096 O52r

Peacekeeping and Conflict Resolution, edited by Tom Woodhouse and Oliver Ramsbotham. Portland, OR, Frank Cass, 2000. 269 p. (The Cass series on peacekeeping, 8)
Purpose of this book is to consider the contribution that conflict resolution can make in the development of the new concepts and practices of peacekeeping called for by the United Nations Peacekeeping forces.
Book call no.: 341.584 P3555

Penttila, Risto E. J. The Role of the G8 in International Peace and Security. Oxford, England, Oxford University Press for the International Institute of Strategic Studies, 2003. 104 p. (Adelphi Paper 355)
Book call no.: 909.82 I61a no. 355

The Power of Nonviolence: Writings by Advocates of Peace, introduction by Howard Zinn. Boston, MA, Beacon Press, 2002. 202 p.
Book call no.: 327.172 W423i 2002

The Psychology of the Peacekeeper: Lessons from the Field, edited by Thomas W. Britt and Amy B. Adler. Westport, CT, Praeger, 2003. 332 p. (Psychological Dimensions to War and Peace)
Book call no.: 341.584 P974

Recovering From Civil Conflict: Reconciliation, Peace and Development, edited by Edward Newman and Albrecht Schnabel. London, Frank Cass, 2002. 231 p. (The Cass Series on Peacekeeping)
This group of articles first appeared in the journal "International Peacekeeping" Summer 2002.
Book call no.: 341.584 R311

Regional Peacekeepers: The Paradox of Russian Peacekeeping, edited by John Mackinlay and Peter Cross. New York, United Nations University Press, 2003. 224 p.
This book investigates the Russian military presence in its former Soviet territory, to determine whether these forces have been genuinely peacekeeping or are a post imperial presence that seeks to maintain former strategic interests.
Book call no.: 355.357 R336

Resolving International Disputes Through Super Optimum Solutions. edited by Stuart A. Nagel. Huntington, NY, Nova Science Publishers, 2001. 323
Super-optimizing analysis refers to dealing with public policy problems by finding an alternative that enables conservatives, liberals, and other major viewpoints to all come out ahead of their best initial expectations simultaneously.
Book call no.: 337.17 R434

Regional Conflict Management, edited by Paul F. Diehl and Joseph Lepgold. Lanham, MD, Rowman & Littlefield , 2003. p
Book call no.: 327.17 R336

Richmond, Oliver P. Maintaining Order, Making Peace. Houndsmills, UK, Palgrave, 2002. 264 p. (Global Issues Series)
Book call no.: 327.172 R533m

Ripsman, Norrin M. Peacemaking by Democracies: The Effect of State Autonomy On the Post-World War Settlements. University Park, PA, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002. 272
Book call no.: 327.172 R593p

Rotberg, Robert I. Peacekeeping and Peace Enforcement in Africa: Methods of Conflict Prevention. Cambridge, MA, World Peace Foundation, 2000. 231 p.
Book call no.: 327.170967 P355

Schmidl, Erwin A. Peace Operation Between War and Peace. London, Frank Cass, 2000. 173 p.
A collection of studies that first appeared in the journal "Small Wars and Insurgencies" Autumn 1999.
Book call no.: 355.35 P355

Searching for Peace in Europe and Eurasia: An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Activities, edited by Paul van Tongeren and others. Boulder, Co, Lynne Rienner , 2002. 832 p. (A project of the European Centre for Conflict Prevention)
Part 1: Essays on conflict resolution. Part 2: Regional surveys of conflict prevention and peacebuilding activities: Western Europe, p 123. Eastern Mediterranean, p 155. Southeastern Europe, p 183. Russian Federation, p 341. Southern Caucasus, p 403. Central Asia, p 469. . Part 3: a directory to more than 400 organizations in the fields of conflict prevention and peacebuilding across Europe and Eurasia
Book call no.: 327.17 S439

Shawcross, William. Deliver Us From Evil: Peacekeepers, Warlords, and a World of Endless Conflict. New York, Simon & Schuster, 2000. 447 p.
Book call no.: 909.825 S537d

Smith, Michael G. and Dee, Moreen. Peacekeeping in East Timor: The Path to Independence. Boulder CO, Lynne Rienner, 2003. 214 p. (International Peace Academy occasional paper series)
Book call no.: 320.95987 S655p

Toase, F. H. Aspects of Peacekeeping. London, Frank Cass, 2001. 286 p. (The Sandhurst Conference Series, 2)
A collection of papers from a conference at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Topics include the Yugoslav conflict, the role of the United Nations, the legitimization of peacekeeping within traditional militaries, and relations with non-governmental organizations.
Book call no.: 341.584 A838

Turbulent Peace: The Challenges of Managing International Conflict, edited by Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall. Washington, U. S. Institute of Peace, September 2001. 894 p.
A brief abstract and the table of contents can be see at the site below.
Also available online at: http://www.usip.org/pubs/catalog/turbpeac.html
Book call no.: 327.17 T931

The United Nations and Human Security, edited by Edward Newman and Oliver P. Richmond. Houndmills, England, Palgrave, 2001. 231 p.
See part III, pp. 168-189. "UN Finances. What are the Costs and Who Pays the Bills".
Book call no.: 341.72 U581

United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Ad Hoc Missions, Permanent Engagement, edited by Ramesh Thakur and Albrecht Schnabel. Tokyo, United Nations University Press, 2001. 267 p.
Book call no.: 341.584 U5821

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on International Operations. United Nations Peacekeeping Missions and Their Proliferation: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on International Operations of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Second Session, April 5, 2000. Washington, GPO, 2000. 61 p.
Also available online at: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=106_senate_hearings&docid=f:65701.pdf
Book call no.: 341.584 U58ua

Wallensteen, Peter. Understanding Conflict Resolution: War, Peace and the Global System. London, SAGE Publications, 2002. 320 p.
Book call no.: 303.69 W197U

Walter, Barbara F. Committing to Peace: The Successful Settlement of Civil Wars. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 2002. 191 p.
Book call no.: 303.64 W2311c

Women and International Peacekeeping, edited by Louise Olsson and Torunn L. Tryggestad. London, Frank Cass, 2001. 145 p.
Book call no.: 355.357 W872

Bradford, David H. Peacekeeping and PDD25: An American Moral Prescription. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2002. 18 p. (Strategy Research Project)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA400768
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 B799p

Chae, Chelsea Y. Judicious Engagement: The Road to Enduring Peace. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002. 33 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA402106
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 C4321j

Evers, Susanne E. An Assessment of the U.S. Peacekeeping Training in West Africa: Is It On the Road to Stability? Fort Leavenworth, KS, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2003. 65 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA416450
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022 E932a

Isaacs, Conrad O. Study of Peacekeeping Missions in SADC Member States and Why They Succeed or Fail. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2002. 29 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 I732s

Lima, Felix. Exploring the Prospects for Peace in West Africa: is ECOMOG the Solution? Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2002. 26 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA420441
Doc. call no.: M-U 43122 L732e

Mbaye, Ibrahima. ECOMOG: Strengths and Weaknesses as a Regional Security Institution. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2001. 15 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA391168
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 M478e

Natynczyk, Walter J. Coalitions of the Willing: Where is the Will? Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002. 31 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404353
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 N285c

Stambaugh, Jeffrey. Peacekeeping Exit Strategy: A Renaissance for the Deadline? Boston, MA, Harvard University Weatherhead Center For International Affairs, 21 May 2001. 96 p. (Weatherhead Fellows Program)
If there is anything the foreign policy strategists should have gained in the 199Os from peacekeeping operations in places like Angola, Rwanda, Somalia, and the Balkans it's this: easy to get involved; terribly, terribly difficult to get out.
Also available online at: http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/fellows/papers/2000-01/stambaugh.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 42252-91 S783p

United Nations. General Assembly. Security Council. Report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations. A Far Reaching Report by an Independent Panel. New York, United Nations, August 2000. 58 p.
General Assembly. 55th Session. Item 87 on the provisional agenda. Comprehensive review of the whole question of peacekeeping operations in all their aspects. Also know as the Brahimi report.
Also available online at: http://www.un.org/peace/reports/peace_operations
Doc. call no.: M-U 44412

United States. General Accounting Office. Preliminary Observations About the US Process for Deciding to Support UN Peace Operations : Briefing for Committee on International Relations, US House of Representatives. Washington, General Accounting Office, 2000. 10 p.
Also available online at: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS12968
Doc. call no.: M-U 41026-173 no.01-100T

Ackermann, Alice. The Idea and Practice of Conflict Prevention. Journal of Peace Research vol. 40 no. 3:339-347 May 2003.
This article surveys some of the major themes currently found in the literature on conflict prevention. While there are still skeptical views on the viability, legality, and effectiveness of conflict prevention, some significant strides have already been taken in the direction of creating a new normative international climate that permits increasingly the implementation of preventive action.

Arbuckle, Tammy. Leaky Border Tests NATO Interdiction. Jane's International Defense Review 34:58-61 July 2001.

Atwood, J. Brian. The Development Imperative: Creating the Preconditions for Peace. Journal of International Affairs 55:333-349 Spring 2002.
Focuses on the failure of international intervention to address the issue of development needs of conflict-prone areas for successful resolution of conflicts. Description of the Lakhdar Brahimi report on the improvement of United Nations peacekeeping efforts; Need for analysis of factors contributing to conflict to form strategy and prevent conflict; International initiatives in post-conflict peace building intervention.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7700390&db=aph&tg=AN

Bazergan, Roxanne. The Impact of HIV/AIDS on UN Peacekeeping Missions. Jane's Intelligence Review 14:36-38 November 2002.

Bell, Pter D. and Tousignant, Guy. Getting Beyond New York: Reforming Peacekeeping in the Field. World Policy Journal 18:41-46 Fall 2001.
Discusses specific and practical steps, based on the experience of CARE, to improve the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations and longer-term peace building by working with local leaders and organizations on conflict prevention, reintegration of combatants into the community, and civil reconstruction.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7513537&db=aph

Costs

Internet Resources

An Analysis of the U.S. Military's Ability to Sustain an Occupation of Iraq. Washington, U. S. Congressional Budget Office, September 3, 2003. 43 p.
Available online at: http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4515&sequence=0

Coalition Provisional Authority Web Page. Budget and Finance. 2003.
Available online at: http://www.cpa-iraq.org/budget/

Cohn, Peter. Government Executive.comHill to Move Supplemental Quickly, But With Tough Questions. September 18, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.govexec.com/dailyfed/0903/091803cdam1.htm
Congressional leaders laid out an ambitious timetable Wednesday for completing work on the administration's $87 billion fiscal 2004 supplemental spending bill for Iraq and Afghanistan, despite Democratic protests about the reconstruction costs and the lack of GOP support for domestic priorities.

Cohn, Peter. Report: Iraq Reconstruction May Need More Resources. National Journal GovExec.com, January 23, 2004.
Available online at: http://www.govexec.com/dailyfed/0104/012304cdpm1.htm

Daggett, Stephen and others. FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Global War on Terrorism: Military Operations and Reconstruction Assistance. Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, October 15, 2003. 55 p.
Available online at: http://www.fas.org/man/crs/RL32090.pdf

Hartung, William D. Iraq and the Costs of War. Foreign Policy In Focus, March 2004.
Available online at: http://www.fpif.org/papers/2004cost.html
This article is adapted from testimony presented before the Senate Democratic Policy Committee on February 13, 2004.

Kaysen, Carl and others. War With Iraq: Costs, Consequences and Alternatives. Cambridge, MA, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2002.
Available online at: http://www.amacad.org/publications/monographs/War_with_Iraq.pdf
This Occasional Paper had its origins in a discussion that took place at a meeting of the Committee on International Security Studies (CISS) of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences on October 11, 2002. See chart on page 66: Table 2 American Costs of Major Wars.

Kosiak, Steven M. After the War: Kosovo Peacekeeping Costs. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment, June 7, 1999.
Available online at: http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/Archive/U.19990607.After_the_War_Koso/U.19990607.After_the_War_Koso.htm

Kosiak, Steven M. Cost Growth in Defense Plans, Wars and Occupation of Iraq and War on Terror Could Add Nearly 1.1 Trillion to Projected Deficits. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, August 26, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/Archive/B.20030826.Cost_Growth_in_Def/B.20030826.Cost_Growth_in_Def.htm

Kosiak, Steven M. Potential Cost of a War With Iraq and Its Post War Occupation. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment, February 25, 2003. 8 p.
Available online at: http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/Archive/B.20030225.Potential_Costs_of/B.20030225.Potential_Costs_of.pdf

Kosiak, Steven M. Total Cost of Allied Force Air Campaign: Preliminary Estimate. Washington, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment, June 10, 1999.
Available online at: http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/Archive/U.19990610.Total_Cost_Of_Alli/U.19990610.Total_Cost_Of_Alli.htm

Moniz, Dave. Monthly Cost of Iraq Afghan Wars Approach That of Vietnam. USA Today, September 7, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2003-09-07-cover-costs_x.htm
The Pentagon is spending nearly $5 billion per month in Iraq and Afghanistan, a pace that would bring yearly costs to almost $60 billion. Those expenses do not include money being spent on rebuilding Iraq's electric grid, water supply and other infrastructure, costs which had no parallel in Vietnam.

Statistical Summary America's Major Wars. The United States Civil War Center,
Available online at: http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/cwc/other/stats/warcost.htm
Scroll down to see the chart on the monetary costs of major wars.

United Nations Peacekeeping From 1991-2000: Statistical Data and Charts. New York, United Nations, 2001.
Available online at: http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/dpko/pub/pko.htm

Books

Hastings, Tom H. Ecology of War and Peace: Counting Costs of Conflict. Lanham, MD, University Press of America, 2000. 142 p.
Book call no.: 363.731 H358e

Lis, John J., Selden, Zachary A., and Cleveland, Christine. NATO Burdensharing After Enlargement. Washington, Congressional Budget Office, 2001. p
Also available online at: http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2976&sequence=0
Book call no.: 355.031091821 L769

Paying for Iraq's Reconstruction. Washington, Congress of the U.S. Congressional Budget Office, January 2004. 27 p. (CBO papers)
Also available online at: http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4983&sequence=0
Book call no.: 330.9567 P344

The United Nations and Human Security, edited by Edward Newman and Oliver P. Richmond. Houndmills, England, Palgrave, 2001. 231 p.
See part III, pp. 168-189. "UN Finances. What are the Costs and Who Pays the Bills".
Book call no.: 341.72 U581

Daggett, Stephen and Serafino, Nina M. Costs of Major U.S. Wars and Recent U.S. Overseas Military Operations. Washington, Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, 2001. 6 p. (CRS report for Congress)
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 01-RS21013

Gillison, Aaron P. Financing Peace: A Moral Imperative and Price of World Leadership for the United States. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2001. 51 p. (USAWC strategy research project)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ada389083
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 G481f

Lantos, Tom and Hyde, Henry J. Issues in Implementing International Peace Operations. Washington, General Accounting Office, May 2002. 21 p. (GAO-02-707R)
Also available online at: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02707r.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 41026-173 no. 02-707R

United States. General Accounting Office. U. N. Peacekeeping. Estimated U.S. Contributions, Fiscal Years 1996-2001. Report to Congressional Requestors. Washington, General Accounting Office, February 2002. 32 p. (GAO-02-294)
Also available online at: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02294.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 41026-173 no.02-294

Becker, Elizabeth. U.S. Questions Its Share of Reconstruction Costs. New York Times Section B p. 5 December 18, 2001.
Since the US spends billions of dollars on the war in Afghanistan, the Bush administration now question its contribution to the reconstruction of the tattered country.
Also available online at: http://www.globalpolicy.org/wtc/un/1218recon.htm

Chalmers, Malcolm. The Atlantic Burden-Sharing Debate--Widening or Fragmenting? International Affairs 77:569-585 July 2001.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4856459&db=mth

Cohn, Peter. ...As Spratt Says Iraq Costs Could Hit $418.3 Billion Over Decade. CongressDaily September 23, 2003. 
Available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10919322&db=aph
U.S. House Budget Committee ranking member John Spratt of California today released forecasts which estimated that the future costs of the war and occupation of Iraq could reach $418.3 billion over 10 years in a worst-case scenario.

Crossette, Barbara. Security Council Looking At Its Peacekeeping Bills. New York Times 149:p. A-12 September 5, 2000.
The five permanent Security Council members plan to use their collective influence this week and call for a revision of how peacekeeping costs are divided among member nations, a move that would -- at least on paper -- help Washington in its battle to reduce American assessments. The full text of this article can be accessed from the AU library subscription to the Academic Universe database.

Daudelin, Jean and Seymour, Lee J. M. Peace Operations Finance and the Political Economy of a Way Out. International Peacekeeping 9:99-117 Summer 2002.
Argues that sustainable peace can be achieved only if peace builders directly manage the reconstruction of local economies. Examination of the political economy of resource wars; Significance of the external control of key sectors of conflict-affected economies; Alternatives for financing peacekeeping operations.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7373916&db=aph&tg=AN

Dickey, Christopher and others. $1 Billion a Week. Newsweek 142:28-33 July 21, 2003.
Reports on the cost of maintaining peace in and rebuilding post-war Iraq, as of July 21, 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10238266&db=aph

Dunham, Richard S. and others. The High Cost of War. Business Week issue 3850:28-31 September 22, 2003.
Analyzes the effects of the cost of rebuilding Iraq on the United States economy and on President George W. Bush's political career.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10814144&db=aph

Geddes, John. The Price of Peacekeeping. Maclean's 114:26-27 February 12, 2001.
Discusses Canadian military spending for peacekeeping missions. Debates regarding Canadian involvement in Asia and Africa; Criticism of the amount spent on peacekeeping missions in the Balkans; Contributions made by Canada to United Nations-led peacekeeping efforts.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4068205&db=aph

Hentges, Harriet and Coicaud, Jean-Marc. Dividends of Peace: The Economics of Peacekeeping. Journal of International Affairs 55:351-367 Spring 2002.
Focuses on the costs of peacekeeping forces and operations in the 1990's.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7700411&db=aph&tg=AN

Kessler, Glenn and Allen, Mike. Bush to Seek $60 Billion or More for Iraq; U.S. Floats Plan to Widen U.N. Postwar Role. Washington Post Section A, p. A-01 September 4, 2003.

Matthews, William. The High Cost of Peace Postwar Iraq Will Drain Federal Coffers, Army Ranks. Armed Forces Journal International 140:11-12 May 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9696474&db=aph

Phillips, Michael M. and Rogers, David. Price of Rebuilding Iraq is Put at $56 Billion Over Four Years. Wall Street Journal p. A-4 October 2, 2003.
Rebuilding Iraq will cost $56 billion over the next four years, according to a new estimate many countries will use to determine how much they might contribute to the U.S.-led reconstruction effort. The figure arrived at by the World Bank, United Nations and the U.S. led Coalition Provisional Authority sets a target for the Bush administration in its effort to convince other nations to help foot the reconstruction bill.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000416950411&SrchMode=5&Fmt=3&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1065476587&clientId=417

Powell, Bill. Iraq, The Hidden Cost of Peace. Fortune 147:81-82 March 31, 2003.
Reports on the hidden costs of a U.S. led war with Iraq. International movements of anti-Americanism in countries including France; How following the war American people will demand that the living condition of Iraqis be better then before the war.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9351373&db=aph

Shimizu, Horofumi and Sandler, Todd. Peacekeeping and Burden Sharing, 1994-2000. Journal of Peace Research vol. 39 no. 6:651-658 November 2002.
This study attempts to determine whether peacekeeping burdens are being shouldered by the large countries for the small countries in recent years.

So, What Went Wrong? Time 162:30-37 October 6, 2003.
Describes the difficulty associated with the reconstruction of Iraq after the war. Consideration of how, since May 1, 170 U.S. soldiers have died in Iraq after the end of major combat operations; Increase in the incidence of guerrilla attacks. INSET: THE POLITICS BEHIND THE PRICE TAG.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10943201&db=aph

Weinberger, Caspar. Paying for the Reconstruction of Iraq. Forbes 172:27 August 11, 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10586709&db=aph

Winston, Sherie. Iraq Price Tag Inches Higher. Engineering News Record 251:17 August 4, 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10580250&db=aph

Zakaria, Fareed. Iraq Policy Is Broken. Fix It. Newsweek 142:17 July 14, 2003.
Costs of the reconstruction of Iraq to taxpayers, arguments that US should internationalize the situation in order to make it sustainable.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10187572&db=aph&tg=AN

[Return to Top]

Military Aspects

Internet Resources

Air Force Doctrine Document 2-3, Military Operations Other Than War. HQ Air Force Doctrine Center, July 3, 2000.
Available online at: http://www.doctrine.af.mil/Main.asp
Click on the button labeled Doctrine. Then click on Air Force Doctrine Document 2-3, Military Operations Other Than War. Peace operations section is on page 19-22.

Bond, Gregory F. Keeping the Peace: Can the United States Military Balance the Need to Train for War and Peace? Quantico, VA, U. S. Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2002. 58 p.
Available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA403970

Draeger, David R. Peace Operations-Means Verses Ways. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2004. 24 p.
Available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ada423308
The Bush Administration has been criticized for failing to successfully transition from phase III Decisive Operations to phase IV Stability Operations in Iraq. Do we have numbers of forces needed with the proper skill sets necessary for future peace operations?

Gage, Justin, Martin, William, Mitchell, Tim, and Wingate, Pat. Winning the Peace in Iraq Confronting America's Informational and Doctrinal Handicaps. Norfolk, VA, Joint Forces Staff College, 2003. 13 p.
Available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ada421583

Nelson, Gilbert A. The U.S. Military Role In Supporting the Rule of Law in Peace Operations and Other Complex Contingencies. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2001. 16 p. (USAWC Strategy Research Project).
Available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA389928

Peace Operations, FM 100-23. Headquarters Department of the Army, December 30, 1994. (http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/service_pubs/fm100_23.pdf ).
Available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/service_pubs/fm100_23.pdf

Rovengo, John S. Achieving Unity of Effort With Nongovernmental Organizations in Peace Support Operations. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, April 2002. 28 p.
Available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404641

Serifino, Nina M. Peacekeeping: Issues of US Military Involvement. Washington, Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress, January 7, 2003. 20 p. (CIS Issue Brief For Congress).
Available online at: http://www.usis.it/pdf/other/IB94040.pdf

Books

Aall, Pamela R., Miltenberger, Daniel, and Weiss, Thomas George. Guide to IGOs, NGOs, and the Military in Peace and Relief Operations. Washington, United States Institute of Peace Press, 2000. 295 p.
Intended as a tool for field operations and developed specifically to dispel misconceptions and promote cooperation, this book gives readers the opportunity to develop a basic understanding of the leading players in peace and relief operations.
Book call no.: 327.17206 A112g

Crane, Conrad C. and Terrill, W. A. Reconstructing Iraq: Insights, Challenges, and Missions for Military Forces in a Post-Conflict Scenario. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, February 2003. 85 p.
This paper presents some historical insights from past occupations and peace operations, provides some additional analysis of the unique requirements involved in remaking Iraq, and develops a detailed list of potential tasks to help contemporary military commanders plan for post-conflict operations there.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA412663
Book call no.: 956.70443 C891r

Deliberate Force: A Case Study in Effective Air Campaigning, Final Report of the Air University Balkans Air Campaign Study, edited by Robert C. Owen. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air University Press, 2000. 541 p.
Also available online at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/aupress/Books/Owen/Owen.pdf
Book call no.: 949.7103 D353

Dimensions of Western Military Intervention, edited by Colin McInnes and Nicholas J. Wheeler. Portland, OR, Frank Cass, 2002. 202 p.
The Political and Moral Limits of Western Military Intervention to Protect Civilians in Danger/ Fatal Attraction? Air Power and the West/ The RMA and Intervention: A skeptical View; Implications of the Weinberger Doctrine for American Military Intervention in a Post Desert Storm Age/ Missing the Story: The Media and the Rwandan Genocide/ The Doctrine Gap: The Enduring Problem of Contemporary Peace Support Operations Thinking/ Fighting for Freetown: British Military Intervention in Sierra Leone/ The Role of Monitoring and Verification/ Bosnia and Kosovo: Interpreting the Gender Dimensions of International Intervention.
Book call no.: 341.584 D582

Orvis, Bruce R. Deployability in Peacetime. Santa Monica, CA, Rand, 2002. 26 p.
Also available online at: http://www.rand.org/publications/DB/DB351/
Book call no.: 355.033273 O79d

Peace Through Law Education Fund. A Force For Peace and Security: U.S. and Allied Commanders' Views of the Military's Role in Peace Operations and the Impact on Terrorism of States in Conflict. Washington, Peace Through Law Education Fund, 2002. 83 p.
See also "A Force For Peace: U.S. Commanders' Views..." which discusses U.S. commanders views.
Also available online at: http://www.ptlef.org/reports.htm
Book call no.: 355.3570973 F6971

Peace Through Law Education Fund. A Force For Peace: U.S. Commanders' Views of the Military's Role In Peace Operations. Washington, Peace Through Law Education Fund, June 1999. 51 p.
See also "A Force For Peace and Security: U.S. and Allied Commanders' Views..." which includes allied commanders comments.
Also available online at: http://www.ptlef.org/docs/FP-1999.pdf
Book call no.: 355.3570973 F697

Pfaff, Tony. Peacekeeping and the Just War Tradition. Carlisle Barracks, PA, Strategic Studies Institute, U. S. Army War College, 2000. 33 p.
Also available online at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ssi/justwar.pdf
Book call no.: 172.42 P523p

Political Armies: The Military and Nation Building in the Age of Democracy, edited by Kees Koonings and Dirk Kruijt. London, Zed Books, 2002. 398 p.
Book call no.: 322.5 P7692

Priest, Dana. The Mission: Waging War and Keeping Peace With America's Military. New York, WW Norton & Co., 2003. 429 p.
Since the end of the Cold War, the imperatives of "global leadership" have led the United States to assume ever-greater obligations around the world. With little or no consideration of the implications, policymakers have sloughed off the burden of handling those obligations onto the armed services, which are cheerfully assumed to be able to do anything, anywhere, at any time. That assumption deserves to be reconsidered -- as does the corollary, long cherished by conservatives, that other government agencies, such as the State Department, are incompetent beyond salvaging.
Book call no.: 355.009730905 P949m

Rizer, Kenneth R. Military Resistance to Humanitarian War in Kosovo and Beyond: An Ideological Explanation. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air University Press, 2000. 47 p. (Fairchild paper)
Also available online at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/aupress/fairchild_papers/Rizer/Rizer.pdf
Doc. call no.: 355.033573 R627m

Stillion, John. Blunting the Talons: The Impact of Peace Operations Deployments on USAF Fighter Crew Combat Skills. Santa Monica, CA, RAND, 1999. 122 P.
Ph. D. Thesis.
Also available online at: http://www.rand.org/publications/RGSD/RGSD147/
Book call no.: 358.433 s857B

Swain, Richard M. Neither War Nor Not War: Army Command in Europe During the Time of Peace Operations: Tasks Confronting USAREUR Commanders, 1994-2000. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2003. 283 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA417416
Book call no.: 355.3570973 S971n

Anderson, Clair V. United States Army Reserve Support to Peace Operations. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Amy War College, 2001. 33 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA390630
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 A5452u

Brown, Rosalyn M. Peace Operations in Failed States: What is the Appropriate Model to Employ? Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2002 (USAWC Strategy Research Project)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404294
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 B8793p

Bruner, Edward F. Peacekeeping: Military Command and Control Issues. Washington, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2001. 11 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 42953-1 no. 01-RL31120

Bulgakov, Igor G. The Ukrainian Armed Forces in Peacekeeping: New Perspectives on the Professionalization of Peacekeeping Forces. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. 87 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401601
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 B933u

Edmonds, Antonio M. Making the Most of Peace and Humanitarian Operations. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2000. 20 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 E24m

Evans, Robert D. Effective Air Interdiction in Peace Enforcement. Fort Leavenworth, KS, School of Advanced Military Studies, Army Command and General Staff College, 2001. 52 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA387010
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 E922e

Forbes, Robert S. The Role of the Army National Guard in Ongoing Overseas Peacekeeping Missions: How Far Do We Stretch the Rubber Band before it Breaks? Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2001. 31 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA391110
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 F694r

Hamilton, John C. U.S. Army Peace Operations in Kosovo: Time for a Change? Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War college, 2001. 30 p. (USAWC Strategy Research Project)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA389078
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 H218u

Hedenberg, Ralph F. Transition From Peacekeeping to Peacebuilding: Training/Education Implications. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2000. 76 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA386337
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 H452

Hisey, Braden. Building Peace in Warlord Situations. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, June 2002. 73 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404592
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 H6731b

Joint Warfighting Center. Joint Task Force Commander's Handbook for Peace Operations. Fort Monroe, VA, 16 June 1997. 1 vol. with 1 laser disc.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/research_pubs/k516.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 44176

Kelley, David A. In Search of a Peace Operations Force Structure. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2001. 26 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA389813
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 K291i

Koltai, Arnold. The Hungarian Army Special Reconnaissance Forces in Peace Operations. Fort Leavenworth, KS, Command and General Staff College, 2001. 108 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA396512
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 q11F

Kramlinger, George D. Sustained Coercive Air Presence: Provide Comfort, Deny Flight, and the Future of Airpower in Peace Enforcement. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air Command and Staff College, 2001. 61 p.
Doc. call no.: M-U 43998-1a K89s

Lovejoy, Keith R. A Peacekeeping Force for Future Operations: Another Reassessment of the Constabulary Force Concept. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, April 2003. 35 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA414134
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 L8971p

McGuire, Colleen L. Constabulary Training for a Full Spectrum Force. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2001. 20 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA390607
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 M173c

McLain, John M. After Victory: The Commander's Tasks in Post Conflict Operations. Newport, R.I., Naval War College, 2002. 24 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401491
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 M1612a

Miles, Loyd. Back To the Future: Constabulary Forces Revisited. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2002. 23 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401653
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 M6431b

Pappal, Michael F. Preparation of Leaders to Make Decisions in Peacekeeping Operations: A Monograph. Fort Leavenworth, KS, Army Command and General Staff College, School of Advanced Military Studies, 2002. 78 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA403349
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 P218p

Price, Eric R. Converging Forces: Achieving Unity of Purpose in Multinational Peace Operations. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2002. 46 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA416082
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022-2 P945c

Proks, Josef. Peace Operations. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2000. 27 p. (USAWC Strategy Research Project)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA377936
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 P964p

Roberson, Patrick B. Understanding Ethnic Conflict: A Framework. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2001. 89 p.
My purpose in writing this thesis is to offer Special Forces soldiers or other US military personnel a framework for gaining a better understanding of the dynamics involved in ethnic conflict. This framework includes three preconditions and two advanced conditions which are tested against three case studies: Bosnia, Kosovo, and Kurdish/Turkish relations in Southeast Turkey. The framework offers an objective, non country-specific, way to sort through and make sense of the situation on the ground. After becoming familiar with this framework, it would be my hope that the individual will have the ability to function more effectively and efficiently, particularly when there is little time to become intimately familiar with the situation before arriving on the scene.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA392962
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 R638u

Rogers, Dennis E. Maintaining a Constabulary Capability Within the US Army. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2001. 20 p.
The paper proposes that the US military maintain a constabulary capability to support UN peacekeeping operations.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA390601
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 R725m

Smith, James F. Warlords and MOOTW: U. S. Commanders Must Apply Operational Factors and Principles of War. Newport, RI, Naval War College, May 2000. 22 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA381619
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 S6511w

Tolmachoff, Mark A. Is Army Aviation Doctrine Adequate for Military Operations Other than War? Ft. Leavenworth, KS, Army Command and General Staff College, 2000. 78 p. (Thesis, Master of Military Art and Science, General Studies)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA383853
Doc. call no.: M-U 42022 T652i

United States. Department of the Army. Peace Operations. Washington, December 1994. 133 p. (US Department of the Army. Field Manual)
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/service_pubs/fm100_23.pdf
Doc. call no.: M-U 35062-78 100-23 (Dec 94)

United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint Doctrine For Military Operations Other Than War. Washington, June1995. 68 p.
Click on "joint publications" in the left corner, then look for series 3-07. Lengthy loading time.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine.htm
Doc. call no.: M-U 40592 no. 3-07

Williams, Garland H. Post Conflict Reconstruction: On the Critical Path to Long Term Peace. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2003. 276 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA416581
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 W723p

Abiew, F. K. NGO-Military Relations in Peace Operations. International Peacekeeping vol.10 no.1:24-39 Spring 2003.
Explores some relevant considerations pertaining to humanitarian nongovernmental-military relations in contemporary peace operations. Increase in the demand for multifunctional or multidimensional peacekeeping initiatives; Need for cooperation in peace missions; Characteristics of military measures that can create the conditions for long-term stability and peace in divided societies.
Also available online at: http://www.ingentaselect.com/rpsv/ij/fcp/13533312/contp1.htm

The Americas: Canada Battles With Its Vision of Peace. The Economist 354:37-38 March 4, 2000.
Canada's army is beating a partial retreat from its traditional peacekeeping duties just when the country faces new American pressures to take on a more controversial military role.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2854147&db=aph

Anderson, Joseph. Military Operational Measures of Effectiveness for Peacekeeping Operations. Military Review 81:36-44 September-October 2001.
Discusses specific operational measures of effectiveness in military peacekeeping operations during NATO's Operation Joint Guardian at Kosovo, Serbia. Military security tasks; Information operations; Civil affairs functions.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5266453&db=aph

Ballard, John R. Mastering Coalition Command in Modern Peace Operations: Operation 'Stabilise' in East Timor. Small Wars and Insurgencies 13:83-101 Spring 2002.
Focuses on Operation 'Stabilise,' a coalition peace operation using well coordinated strategic communications and solid tactical cooperation in East Timor, Indonesia. Key factors to its effectiveness; Background to intervention; Development of military solutions.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&an=7407013

Bankus, Brent and Flavin, William R. Training U.S. Army Peacekeepers. Small Wars and Insurgencies 15:129-139 Spring 2004.

Barnett, Gary G. HUMINT (human intelligence) Collection during Peace Operations. Military Intelligence 27:18-19+ January-September 2001.
Provides an overview of the collection of human intelligence during international peace operations in Kosovo, Serbia. Challenges to the processing of military and civilian detainees; Duties of human intelligence collectors; Guidelines on human intelligence collection.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5193278&db=f5h

Book, Elizabeth G. Multi-National Brigade Set to Deploy in Balkans. National Defense 87:36 December 2002.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000264445831&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1059504042&clientId=417

Brayton, Steven. Outsourcing War: Mercenaries and Privatization of Peacekeeping. Journal of International Affairs 55:303-329 Spring 2002.
Focuses on the implications of the use of commercially contracted private military and security services for security of citizens in countries with weak governments for international peacekeeping and peacemaking. Criteria for defining mercenary troops; Functional types of mercenaries and private military companies.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7700354&db=aph&tg=AN

Brown, John S. Combat Cops? The Army as Constabulary: Lessons From Our Past. Armed Forces Journal International 138:66-68 September 2000.
Presents history lessons from the United States Army's deployment of forces known as 'constabulary.' Transition to professional constabulary; Establishment of constabularies in American colonies; Contrast between British and American constabulary experience.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3568577&db=aph

Burger, Kim. 'Police the Peace' Dilemma: Are Combat Trained Troops the Ideal People for the Job in Iraq? Jane's Defence Weekly 40:23 July 9, 2003.

Byman, Daniel L. Uncertain Partners: NGOs (Non-Governmental Organisations) and the Military. Survival vol. 43 no. 2:97-114 Summer 2001.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=74766321&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=417&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Cabanas: Training for Peace. Soldiers 58:24-29 March 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9412080&db=f5h

Caniglia, Richard R. US and British Approaches to Force Protection. Military Review 81:73-81 July-August 2001.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5029431&db=aph

Christensen, Fhleming. Not a Job for Soldiers--But Only Soldiers Can Do It. NATO's Nations and Partners for Peace 1:30-31 2000.
The Swedish Armed Forces have a long tradition of peace support operations. Christensen discusses SWEBAT, the Swedish battle group that makes up part of the Multinational Brigade (Centre) in Kosovo.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000056998932&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1059505402&clientId=417

Cline, Lawrence E. Operational Intelligence in Peace Enforcement and Stability Operations. International Journal of Intelligence & Counter Intelligence 15:179-194 Summer 2002.
Focuses on the relevance of military intelligence in conducting international peace operations. Refusal of the United Nations to intelligence gathering and analysis; Missions of the military intelligence in stability operations; Distinctions between conventional military operations and stability missions.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&an=6476299

Coerr, Stanton S. For Those in Harm's Way. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 128:42-45 April 2002.
Nonlethal weapons are the future of peacekeeping. Forces on the ground must be given all the tools to succeed, and nonlethal systems allow the commander to expand the continuum of force to obtain or retain the tactical initiative. This innovation is crucial. Nonlethal weapons must be pursued quickly and aggressively.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6441235&db=aph

Collins, John M. Special Operations Forces in Peacetime. Special Warfare 13:2-7 Winter 2000.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000053891468&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1089722320&clientId=417

Corelli, Rae, Lovgren, Stefan, and Fisher, Luke. Early In, Early Out. Maclean's 114:26-29 June 25, 2001.
Discusses Canadian peacekeeping missions. Costs of the missions, which has forced to government to reduce the time which peacekeepers can commit to an area.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4623215&db=aph&tg=AN

Crawley, Vince. Deployment Debate: Officials Discuss Ramifications of Global Mission. Air Force Times 61:22 November 27, 2000.
The Army and Air Force already are restructuring themselves to better handle a wide range of overseas missions. And military leaders say peace missions are inevitable, no matter who's running the White House.

Crawley, Vince. Rumsfeld, Franks: Don't Boost Role in Afghan Peacekeeping. Air Force Times 63:10 August 12, 2002.

Delvoie, Louis A. Canada and International Security Operations: The Search for Policy Rationales. Canadian Military Journal 1:13-24 Summer 2000.

Eash, Joseph J. New Instruments for War and Peace. Joint Force Quarterly 27:95-99 Winter 2000-2001.
Introduces military equipments for peace and war in the United States. Implication of management practices and international support for peace building; Construction of cheaper camps and rebuilding infrastructure; Efforts in environmental security.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/2127.pdf

Erwin, Sandra I. Transformation: Are the Goals Off Target? National Defense 88:20-21 November 2003.
Retired US Marine Corps Gen Anthony Zinni claims that aside from a faster, lighter, more precise, and efficient transformation of military services, military transformation should also focus on better preparing and training US forces for peacekeeping and nation-building duties. The services, however, do not have the resources of the training to adequately perform those duties.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000477182991&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1085757030&clientId=417

Field, Kimberly C. and Perito, Robert M. Creating a Force for Peace Operations: Ensuring Stability With Justice. Parameters 32:77-87 Winter 2002-2003.
Also available online at: http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/02winter/field.htm

Fiorenza, Nicholas. Macedonia Force: After IFOR, SFOR, and KFOR, Are You Ready for MFOR? Armed Forces Journal International 139:19 August 2001.
Reports the plan of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to establish a Macedonian peace keeping force. Jurisdiction of the force; Role in the disarmament of the Albanian National Liberation Army; Participants in the endeavor.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5028729&db=aph

Foulk, Vincent. Legal Perspectives for Civil Military Operations in Islamic Nations. Military Review 82:19-21 January-February 2002.
Discusses how and why Islamic law differs from Western law, information essential to avoiding legal pitfalls. Principles and concepts that need to be considered by civil-military operators working within an Islamic nation; Overview of the Islamic legal systems; Actions that should be employed when planning operations to support civil authorities.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6290690&db=aph&tg=AN

Geyer, Georgie Anne. Peacekeeping War of the Future. American Legion 151:78-82 September 2001.
Provides an overview of the peacekeeping activities of the United States armed forces since the end of the Cold War. Background on the peacekeeping mission of the United Nations; Professionalism of U.S. peacekeepers; Significance of the peacekeeping mission to combat readiness.

Glenn, Russell W. Letting God Rest: Use of Nonlethal Weapons in Peacekeeping Efforts. Armed Forces Journal International 140:49-52 May 2003.
Reports on the use of nonlethal weapons by international peacekeeping forces deployed in urban areas. Scope of nonlethal operations; Functions of nonlethal capabilities; Incidents involving the use of nonlethal weapons.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9696626&db=aph

Grange, David L. Making Peacetime Engagement Work. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 127:30-33 July 2001.
Peacetime military engagement is tied to our national interests, to our military's purpose and readiness, and to our nation's responsibility as a world leader. We can and must make these operations fit into our national strategy.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000075338806&SrchMode=5&Fmt=3&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1065283186&clientId=417

Guenther, Eric E. and others. The Visible Hand: Armor Looks at the Changing Face of Peacekeeping in the Balkans. Armor 112:7-13 May-June 2003.
Guenther, Thayer, and Hathaway discuss one of the latest developments in peacekeeping, which is encouraging a level of economic development sufficient for host nations to run their own affairs without international intervention. They focus on Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are the forefront of the latest experiment in 21st century diplomacy.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000349345611&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1079550109&clientId=417

Haskell, Bob. A Presence in Bosnia. Soldiers 56:36-37 April 2001.
Also available online at: http://www.army.mil/soldiers/apr2001/features/bosnia1.html

Hellman, Christopher. Military Challenges of Post-War Iraq. Defense Monitor 31:5-6 November-December 2002.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=8951175&db=f5h&tg=AN

Hills, Alice. The Inherent Limits of Military Forces in Policing Peace Operations. International Peacekeeping 8:79-98 Autumn 2001.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7217070&db=aph

Jennings, Jeffrey Gaddis Jennifer. Intelligence Support to Law Enforcement in Peacekeeping Operations. Military Police16-17 September 2002.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7594460&db=mth

Kiefer, Francine. Bush Shifts His Stand on Peacekeeping. Christian Science Monitor vol. 93 issue 131:2 June 1, 2001.
Discusses plans of the administration of United States President George W. Bush for peacekeeping in Bosnia. Statement of Secretary of State Colin Powell that the U.S. would not desert missions in Bosnia; Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfield, who is considering dedication of a portion of U.S. armed forces to peacekeeping activities; Opinion on importance of ensuring that peacekeeping missions do not undermine the primary task of defending vital U.S. interests and deterring large-scale aggression.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4514353&db=aph

Kiehl, William P. Peacekeeper or Occupier? US Experience With Information Operations in the Balkans. International Peacekeeping 8:136-146 Winter 2001.
This essay argues that for Peace Support Operations to be successful, there must be a well functioning partnership between the external civilian authorities and the military forces at all levels. Essential to this continued partnership is the thorough integration of information resources, policies and planning, both civilian and military.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7165531&db=aph

Kitfield, James. Are We Wearing Out the Guard and Reserve? Air Force Magazine 84:34-39 February 2001.
Focuses on the military missions of reservists in the United States Air Force. Deployment of the reservists for peacekeeping missions; Transformation of the reserve forces during the Persian Gulf War; Impact of deployments on families and finances; Issue on the benefits received by the reservists' families.
Also available online at: http://www.afa.org/magazine/feb2001/0201reserve.asp

Kitfield, James. The Peacekeepers. Government Executive 33:44-54 March 2001.
The US military is evolving into a more expeditionary force that views keeping the peace and responding to smaller crises as integral to its operations and professional ethos. The military is in the midst of a fundamental transformation as a result of its myriad operations other than war.
Also available online at: http://www.govexec.com/features/0301/0301s4.htm

Lacaria, Chris J. East Timor Experience: A Naval Engineer Shares His Experiences Helping Re-Build a Country Torn by Military and Civil Unrest. Military Engineer 93:37-38 July-August 2001.

Lane, Larry. Return to Kosovo. Soldiers 57:26-27 July 2002.
The greatest challenge, is dealing with increased criminal activity that historically occurs in the spring, when new coalition-force units transition into the region and criminals among the Kosovar population think they have a better chance of doing such things as smuggling, without being detected.
Also available online at: http://www.army.mil/soldiers/jul2002/textonly/kosovo.html

Lisi, Gregory P. G2 Operations in Peace Operations. Military Intelligence 27:37-39 January-September 2001.
Provides information on the G2 operations of Task Force Falcon of the United States Army in Kosovo, Serbia. Objective of the operations; Organization of the operations; Challenges at the intelligence analyst level; Computer systems used in the classification of military information.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5193290&db=f5h

Lovelock, Richard B. The Evolution of Peace Operations Doctrine. Joint Force Quarterly 30:67-73 Spring 2002.
Also available online at: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/1230.pdf

Loving, Kirk A. ACT (Analysis and Control Teams) Operations--With U.S. and Allies. Military Intelligence 27:41-43 January-September 2001.
Discusses the operations of the Analysis and Control Teams (ACT) during the peacekeeping missions led by the United States Army in Kosovo, Serbia. Organization of the ACT; Pre-deployment training; Details of operations; Challenges to peacekeeping missions.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5193292&db=f5h

Lutovinov, V. I. and Morozov, Yu. V. Conflict Prevention and Settlement With Peacekeeping Forces. Military Thought vol 10 no. 1:12-18 2001.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4333547&db=aph

Mackinlay, John. Iraq Campaign Failed to Plan for Peacekeeping. Jane's Intelligence Review 15:36-37 June 2003.

Maddaloni, Chris. A Bigger Piece of Peacekeeping: Army National Guard Combat Units Prepare for Command Role in Bosnia, Larger Presence in Other Peacekeeping Missions Worldwide. National Guard 54:18-20 January 2000.

Marom, Shaike. Training for Peace Support Operations: Facing and Overcoming New Challenges. Military Technology vol. 24 no. 11:64-66 2000.
During the last decade, the nations of the free world have placed an increasing emphasis on global peace support operations to include peacekeeping and peace-enforcing missions. Accordingly, international partnerships have been formed to increase coordination in these operations. Leading these international alliances are the UN and the Partnership for Peace group within the framework of NATO.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000067470202&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1065283563&clientId=417

McKenna, Ted. Changing of the Guard: A Variety of ISR Tools are Useful for Maintaining Peaceful Borders. Journal of Electronic Defense 26:44-46+ July 2003.
Explores the use of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) technologies to monitor international borders. Use of ISR systems in United Nations' peacekeeping missions; Development of unmanned aerial vehicles; Communications technologies for border patrol.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10241014&db=aph

McLaughlin, Rob. Naval Force and the Conduct of Peace Support Operations. International Peacekeeping 9:105-118 Winter 2002.
Suggests that naval forces not only complement and enable the capabilities of land forces, but can also compensate for the limitations of land forces during peace support operations. Characteristics of naval force; Tasks of naval force; Suggested mandates.

McShane, Thomas W. Blame it on the Romans: Pax Americana and the Rule of Law. Parameters 32:57-72 Summer 2002.
Also available online at: http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/02summer/mcshane.htm

Monroy, Daniel. Strengthening International Ties: WHINSEC. Soldiers 57:34-35 June 2002.
Provides information on the education for soldiers offered at the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation in Fort Benning, Georgia. Details on the humanitarian and peacekeeping courses offered by the institute; Benefits for soldiers; Background on the development of the courses.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6889279&db=f5h

Morales, Rich. Translating Peacekeeping into Combat Readiness. Armor 109:53-54 March-April 2000.
In Feb 1996, 2-63 Armor successfully transitioned from UN peacekeeping to war fighting as a counter reconnaissance company at the Combat Maneuver Training Center. Morales examines how the unit forged a battle-ready team capable of operations at both ends of the mission spectrum.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000051501999&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1079470879&clientId=417

Muresan, Mircea. Romanian Armed Forces in Peace Support Operations: A Strategic Provider of Security and Stability. NATO's Nations and Partners for Peace vol. 47 no.3:61-66 2002.
Discusses the international peacekeeping missions of the Romanian Armed Forces (RAF). Strategic impact of the participation of RAF in peace support operations; Romanian forces that are available for North Atlantic Treaty Organization; Major role of partner nations in the war against terrorism campaign of the U.S.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7270865&db=mth

Nash, Bill and Hillen, John. Debate: Can Soldiers Be Peacekeepers and Warriors? NATO Review 49:16-20 Summer 2001.
A debate over whether soldiers can be both peacekeepers and warriors is presented. Hillen opposes the long term and protracted commitment of US combat troupes to multinational peacekeeping.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000083813782&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1059504477&clientId=417

O'Hanlon, Michael E. Saving Lives With Force: An Agenda for Expanding the ACRI. Journal of International Affairs 55:289-300 Spring 2002.
Focuses on military intervention in countries affected by civil wars to protect innocent civilians. Insufficiency of softer policy approaches to address civil conflicts; Instances of countries where military intervention could have saved civilian lives; Estimated global supply of projectable military forces.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7700335&db=aph&tg=AN

Roos, John G. In Sync with the Times: Denmark Eyes Multi-Role Ship for Peace-Support Operations. Armed Forces Journal International 137:26-27 February 2000.
Focuses on the Standard Flex 3500 naval vessels, eyed by Naval Team Denmark for peace-support operations. Features and versatility of the vessels; Advantage of the interchangeable equipment pods; Incorporation of containerized systems into the vessels; Use of mobile naval bases to support the vessels.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2797358&db=aph

Rose, Donald G. Peace Operations and Change in the U.S. Military. Defense Analysis 17:139-157 August 2001.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5093771&db=aph

Schreiber, Shane. Creating Compliance: Some Lessons in International Cooperation in a Peace Support Operation. Canadian Military Journal 2:11-22 Winter 2001-2002.

Schwartz, Richard L. and Morin, Richard A. Sharpening the Warfighter's Edge Through Peace Support Operations. Infantry 91:42-43 Spring 2002.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000126776651&SrchMode=5&Fmt=3&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1059503528&clientId=417

Semianiw, Walter. Train for War and for Peace. Canadian Military Journal 3:70-71 Spring 2002.

Sengupta, Prasun K. Exercises (throughout Southeast Asia and Australasia) Emphasize Peacekeeping, Littoral Warfare Operations . Asian Defence Journal No.6:18-19 June 2001.

Shelton, Henry H. Peace Operations: The Forces Required. National Security Studies Quarterly 6:103-110 Summer 2000.

Siegel, Adam B. Deployed Analytical Support to Military Commands: The Example of NATO Operations in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Defense Analysis 17:203-210 August 2001.
Examines the experience of NATO on the deployment analysis as part of headquarter operations in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Importance of analytical organizations on the operations of the organization; List of analysis supporting command decision-making; Benefit of the analytical experiences.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5093767&db=aph

Siegel, Adam B. Mission Creep or Mission Misunderstood? Joint Force Quarterly issue 25:112-115 Summer 2000.
Examines the concept of mission creep. Ability of mission creep to influence military operations on the policy, operational and tactical levels; Emergence of the term during the Operation Joint Endeavor in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1995-1996; Military distaste for civilian interference; Vagueness of boundary of civilian control over the military.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4352212&db=aph&tg=AN

Spence, Mike. Lessons for Combined Rules of Engagement. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 126:56-60 October 2000.
Rules of Engagement during peace support operations are discussed.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3704385&db=aph

Steele, Dennis. FOB (Forward Operating Base) Connor--On the Dark Side of Bosnia. Army 52:32-33 September 2002.
Also available online at: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2003&res_id=xri:PQD&rft_val_fmt=ori:fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&rft_id=xri:PQD:DID=000000161008251&svc_dat=xri:pqil:fmt=html

Steele, Dennis. Forgotten Fronts, Forgotten Heroes. Army 52:22-25 September 2002.
Also available online at: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2003&res_id=xri:PQD&rft_val_fmt=ori:fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&rft_id=xri:PQD:DID=000000161006871&svc_dat=xri:pqil:fmt=html

Steele, Dennis. Keeping Watch on Kosovo. Army 52:34-37 September 2002.
Also available online at: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2003&res_id=xri:PQD&rft_val_fmt=ori:fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&rft_id=xri:PQD:DID=000000161008281&svc_dat=xri:pqil:fmt=html

Steele, Dennis. Sergeants' Time. Army 52:29-31 September 2002.
Also available online at: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2003&res_id=xri:PQD&rft_val_fmt=ori:fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&rft_id=xri:PQD:DID=000000161007951&svc_dat=xri:pqil:fmt=html

Steele, Dennis. Training--Keeping the Peace while Preparing for War. Army 52:38-40 September 2002.
Also available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=000000161008581&SrchMode=5&Fmt=4&retrieveGroup=0&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&x=-&VName=PQD&TS=1059501829&clientId=417

Thomas, Timothy. IT Requirements For Peacekeeping. Military Review 81:29-35 September-October 2001.
Examines the use of emerging technologies in peacekeeping operations. Formation of an executive information and strategic analysis secretariat in the United Nations Security Council to improve peacekeeping operations; Potential use of information technology (IT) in the military; Needs of IT police keepers at the tactical level.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5266450&db=aph

Turner, Robert F. Military Action Against Iraq Is Justified. Naval War College Review 55:72-75 Autumn 2002.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=8561316&db=aph

Van Loon, Henry. French Political Victory: Eurocorps' Command of KFOR Marks a Significant Step, but Is It Largely Symbolic? Armed Forces Journal International 137:10-11 April 2000.
Eurocorps, an embryonic army drawn from five nations in the European Union (EU), will exert day-to-day command over NATO's KFOR multinational peacekeeping force during the next six months. Eurocorps will not provide troops, only a contingent of 350 officers who will man the headquarters in Pristina assisted by hundreds of regular NATO personnel.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2994004&db=aph

Walker, Michael. Committed in Three Continents--The British Army. NATO's Nations and Partners for Peace vol. 47, no.1:102-105 2002.
Focuses on the commitment of the British Army on three continents.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6809885&db=mth

Young, George and others. Bosnia Update. Soldiers 57:32-35 August 2002.
Reports on the U.S. Army's peacekeeping operations in Bosnia. Rotation of the six-month Stabilization Force tour between active-duty and reserve-component commands; Aim to help the people of Bosnia rebuild their lives in the aftermath of war; Prioritizing the education of war orphans; Success of the Adopt-A-School program.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7301095&db=f5h

[Return to Top]

Recent Peacekeeping Missions--Afghanistan

Internet Resources

Building Peace and Civil Society in Afghanistan: Challenges and Opportunities. New York, Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs, 2001. 12 p.
Available online at: http://www.asiasource.org/asip/afghanistan_report.pdf
This report draws on a symposium held in May 2001. Sponsored by the Asia Society and the Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs.

Durch, William J. Security and Peace Support In Afghanistan: Analysis and Short to Medium Term Options. Washington, Henry L. Stimson Center, revised June 28, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.stimson.org/fopo/pdf/afghansecurityoptions070103.pdf
This briefing applies to Afghanistan the strategic lessons learned from international peace implementation efforts in nearly twenty war-torn countries around the globe over the past two decades. Its purpose is to fill an analytical void and stimulate debate.

Hess, David.  House Panel Approves $10 Billion Foreign Relations Bill.  CongressDaily 8-9, June 9, 2005.
Available online at:  http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=17285738

Holt, Victoria K. Peace and Stability in Afghanistan: U S Goals Challenged by Security Gap. Washington, Henry L. Stimson Center, June 2002.
Available online at: http://www.stimson.org/fopo/?SN=FO20020702378

Wisner, Frank G. and others. Afghanistan: Are We Losing the Peace? Council on Foreign Relations and the Asia Society, June 2003. 24 p.
Available online at: http://www.cfr.org/pdf/Afghanistan_TF.pdf
This document, authored by, among others, three retired senior U.S. government policymakers who specialize in South Asian affairs, argues that Washington must do far more, and urgently, to save the situation in Afghanistan. Without greater support for the transitional government of President Hamid Karzai, security in Afghanistan will deteriorate further, prospects for economic reconstruction will dim, and Afghanistan will revert to warlord-dominated anarchy," the task force concluded.

Books

Benard, Cheryl and Schlaffer, Edit.  Veiled Courage:  Inside the Afghan Women's Resistance.  New York, Broadway Books, 2002.  293 p.
Book call no.:  305.4209581 B456v
"In Afghanistan under Taliban rule, women were forbidden to work or go to school, they could not leave their homes without a male chaperone and they could not be seen without a head-to-toe covering called the burqa. A woman's slightest infractions were met with brutal public beatings. That is why it is both appropriate and incredible that the sole effective civil resistance to Taliban rule was made by women. Veiled Courage reveals the remarkable bravery and spirit of the women of the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA), whose daring clandestine activities defied the forces of the Taliban and earned the world's fierce admiration." "If caught, any RAWA activist would have faced sure death. Yet they persisted. With the overthrow of the Taliban now a reality, RAWA faces a new challenge: defeating the powers of Islamic fundamentalism of which the Taliban are only one face and helping build a society in which women are guaranteed full human rights."

Eisendrath, Craig R. et al.  Bush League Diplomacy:  How the Neoconservatives Are Putting the World at Risk.  Amherst, NY, Prometheus Books, 2004.  268 p.
Book call no.:  327.73 E36b

Tanner, Stephen.  Afghanistan:  A Military History from Alexander the Great to the Fall of the Taliban.  New York:  Da Capo Press, 2002.  351 p.
Book call no.:  958.1 T167a

Periodicals

Anderson, Jon Lee.  The Man in the Palace.  New Yorker 81:60-73, June 6, 2005.
Also available online at:  http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=17254605

Arana-Barradas, Louis A.  The Fight's Far From Over:  Airmen do Their Part to Deep Iraq and Afghanistan Free.  Airman 49:36-41, April 2005.

Cox, Matthew.  Army's Proposed Budget Grows by Only 1.4 Percent:  Supplemental Funds Needed for Iraq, Afghanistan.  Army Times 65:28-29, February 14, 2005.

Crawley, Vince.  Already a 'Forgotten Front'?  Violence Spurs Concern About Afghanistan's Future, Elections.  Air Force Times 65:26, July 4, 2005.

Dileonardo, Charles.  Training the Afghan National Army.  Infantry 94:28-39, March-April 2005.

Douthat, Ross et al.  Good News for Kofi.  Atlantic 295:46, June 2005.
Also available online at:  http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=16942934

Durham, Hunter R.  Persuasive Diplomacy:  Innovative Surgical Operations Maintain Stability in Afghanistan.  Armed Forces Journal 142:44-46+, February 2005.

Fang, Bay and Brush, Silla.  A Work in Progress.  U.S. News & World Report 139:32-41, October 3, 2005.
Also available online at:  http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=18360027
Reports on recent events regarding social and political conditions in Afghanistan. Description of Afghanistan's recent parliamentary elections; Suggestion that their is a new disenchantment among Afghanis despite the fact that there has been much progress in the four years since the fall of the Taliban; Question of whether or not more could have been done with the billions of aid dollars flowing into the country; Review of how Afghanis are adjusting to life without warlordism. 

Felbab-Brown, Vanda.  Afghanistan:  When Counternarcotics Undermines Counterterrorism.  Washington Quarterly 28:55-72, Autumn 2005.
Also available online at:  http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=17980632.
Focuses on the international community policies on counterinsurgency, democratic stabilization and counternarcotics measures in Afghanistan. Nations that are responsible for counternarcotics activity of the country; Efforts of several countries to prevent the country from becoming irretrievably addicted to its narcoeconomy; Factors contributing to the explosion of drug cultivation in the country.

Foglesong, Robert H.  Successful Elections in Afghanistan:  Give Some Credit to Those Who Circled Overhead.  Armed Forces Journal 142:41, January 2005.

Grant, Rebecca.  The Echoes of Anaconda.  Air Force Magazine 88:46-52, April 2005.

Hastert, Paul L.  Operation Anaconda:  Perception Meets Reality in the Hills of Afghanistan.  Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 28:11-20, January 2005.

Katz, Joseph A.  Afghanistan:  The Role of 'Show-of-Presence' Aircraft in the First Democratic Elections.  Field Artillery 15-17, January-February 2005.

Pullen, Randy.  U.S. Military in Afghanistan Committed to Afghan Election Success.  Officer 80:23-25, October 2004.

Putting Steel into Karzai.  Economist 376:17, September 24, 2005.
Also available online:  http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=18382068

Redding, Robert W.  19 SF (Special Forces) Group Utilizes MCA (Military Civic-Action) Missions to Train Afghan National Army Battalions.  Special Warfare 17:22-27, February 2005.

Reece, Beth.  Afghanistan:  From War to Hope.  Soldiers 60:14-19, March 2005.

Shishkin, Philip.  NATO's Peacekeeping Problem.  Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition p A9, August 8, 2005.

Smith, Daniel.  Special Issue:  World at War.  Defense Monitor 34:1-9, January-February 2005.

Trowbridge, Gordon.  Is U.S. There to Stay?  Critics Call Cash Requests a Sign U.S. Will Build Permanent Bases.  Air Force Times 65:26, May 16, 2005.

Wolfowitz, Paul.  Testimony as Delivered to the Senate Armed Services Committee:  Hearing on Military Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan:  Washington, DC, Feb 3, 2005.  United States Department of Defense Speeches, 90 p.  February 3, 2005.

Video

Building Democracy in War-Torn Afghanistan ABC News.  Princeton, NJ, Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2004.  1 videodisc.
AUL DVD 320.9581 B932
"This ABC News program documents the challenges of building democracy in Afghanistan, a place scarred by present conflict and past war, where even the effort to register Afghans to vote is proving almost insurmountably difficult. Contemporaneous events in Pakistan are also considered."

Recent Peacekeeping Missions--Balkans

Internet Resources

The Southeast European Times. U.S. European Command, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.balkantimes.com/html2/english
The Southeast European Times is sponsored by the US European Command, the joint military command responsible for US operations in Southeast Europe and elsewhere. EUCOM oversees participation of US troops in NATO's peacekeeping forces in Kosovo (KFOR), Bosnia and Herzegovina (SFOR) and Macedonia. The goal of the Southeast European Times is to offer accurate, balanced and forward-looking coverage of developments in Southeast Europe. Coverage is distinguished by an in-depth knowledge of local issues.

Books

Allin, Dana H. NATO's Balkan Interventions. London, Oxford University Press for the International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2002. 112 p.
Book call no.: 909.82 I61a no. 347

Allin, Dana H. and others. What Status for Kosovo? edited by Dimitrios Triantaphyllou and Nicole Gnesotto. Paris, Institute for Security Studies, Western European Union, 2001. 111 p. (Chaillot papers, 50)
Also available online at: http://www.iss-eu.org/chaillot/chai50e.html
Book call no.: 949.7103 W555

Deliberate Force: A Case Study in Effective Air Campaigning, Final Report of the Air University Balkans Air Campaign Study, edited by Robert C. Owen. Maxwell AFB, AL, Air University Press, 2000. 541 p.
Also available online at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/aupress/Books/Owen/Owen.pdf
Book call no.: 949.7103 D353

Kadare, Ismail and others. The Southern Balkans: Perspectives From the Region, edited by Dimitrios Triantaphyllou and Nicole Gnesotto. Paris, Institute for Security Studies, Western European Union, 2001. 68 p. (Chaillot papers, 46)
Also available online at: http://www.iss-eu.org/chaillot/chai46e.pdf
Book call no.: 949.7103 S727

Metz, Steven. The American Army in the Balkans: Strategic Alternatives and Implications. Carlisle Barracks, PA, Army War College. Strategic Studies Institute, January 2001. 49 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA387288
Book call no.: 355.032497 M596a

Nation, R. Craig. War in the Balkans, 1991-2002. Carlisle, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2003. 388 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA418587
Book call no.: 949.7103 N277w

Pearson, Brenda. Putting Peace Into Practice: Can Macedonia's New Government Meet the Challenge? Washington, United States Institute of Peace, November 2002. 15 p. (Special Report 96)
Also available online at: http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr96.html
Book call no.: 949.7 P361p

Statham, Dawn S., Smith, Monte D., and Holmes, Ric. Understanding Cultural Landmines in the Balkans: How the Land and It's History Have Kept a People at War. Alexandria, VA, U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2001. 530 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA404819
Book call no.: CD ROM 949.6 S797u

Swain, Richard M. Neither War Nor Not War: Army Command in Europe During the Time of Peace Operations: Tasks Confronting USAREUR Commanders, 1994-2000. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2003. 283 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA417416
Book call no.: 355.3570973 S971n

Hamilton, John C. U.S. Army Peace Operations in Kosovo: Time for a Change? Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War college, 2001. 30 p. (USAWC Strategy Research Project)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA389078
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 H218u

Potter, Gregg C. Wither Kosovo?: The Question of Independence. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, 2003 30. (p)
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA420210
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 P867w

Powers, Richard A. An Effective Framework for Stabilization and Reconstruction: Kosovo or Iraq? Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2003. 23 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA420285
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 P8881e

Shupp, Benjamin A. U.S. Participation in Balkan Peacekeeping: The Rice Proposal. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2001. 85 p.
The paper analyzes the proposal by Condoleezza Rice that the US ground forces be withdrawn from the peacekeeping operations in the Balkans, with their responsibilities transferred to European allies.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401556
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 S5624u

Sule, Attila. The European Union in Peace Operations: Limits of Policy-Making and Military Implementation. Monterey, CA, Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. 105 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA415208
Doc. call no.: M-U 42525 S9494e

Torrey, Samuel D. Kosovo's Independence: The Final Political End State. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U. S. Army War College, 2003. 32 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA414562
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 T694k

Recent Peacekeeping Missions--Iraq

Internet Resources

Barton, Frederick D. and Crocker, Bathsheba N. A Wiser Peace: An Action Strategy for Post Conflict Iraq. Supplement 1: Background Information on Iraq's Financial Obligations. Washington, Center for Strategic & International Studies, January 23, 2003. 27 p.
Available online at: http://www.csis.org/isp/wiserpeace_I.pdf

Coalition Provisional Authority Web Page. 2003.
Available online at: http://www.cpa-iraq.org/

Cohn, Peter. Report: Iraq Reconstruction May Need More Resources National Journal GovExec.com, January 23, 2004.
Available online at: http://www.govexec.com/dailyfed/0104/012304cdpm1.htm

Crocker, Bathsheba. Post War Iraq: Are We Ready? CSIS Center for Strategic International Studies, March 25, 2003. 20 p.
Available online at: http://www.csis.org/isp/scorecard.pdf

From Victory to Success: After War Policy In Iraq. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 24 May 2003. 24 p.
Available online at: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/issue_julaug_2003/afterwar.pdf
A collection of 12 brief articles.

Gage, Justin, Martin, William, Mitchell, Tim, and Wingate, Pat. Winning the Peace in Iraq Confronting America's Informational and Doctrinal Handicaps. Norfolk, VA, Joint Forces Staff College, 2003. 13 p.
Available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ada421583

Governing Iraq. Washington, International Crisis Group, August 25, 2003. 38 p. (IDG Middle East Report no. 17).
Available online at: http://www.reliefweb.int/library/documents/2003/icg-ira-25aug.pdf

Hamre, John. Iraq's Post Conflict Reconstruction: A Field Review and Recommendations. CSIS. Center for Strategic and International Studies, June 27-July 7, 2003. (Iraq Reconstruction Assessment Mission).
Available online at: http://www.csis.org/isp/pcr/IraqTrip.pdf

Kitfield, James.  In Iraq, Managing the Peace May Be More Difficult Than Winning the War.  National Journal, Washington, GovExec.com, April 18, 2003.
Available online at: http://www.govexec.com/dailyfed/0403/041803nj1.htm

Occupation and Rule in Iraq. New York , Global Policy Forum,
Available online at: http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/occupindex.htm
Links to articles from many sources dealing with the occupation of Iraq.

Page, Susan.  History's Lesson: Reform in Iraq Can't Be Hurried. USA Today News Section, p 01-A April 15, 2003.
Available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=J0E257678144003&db=f5h

Books

Barton, Frederick D. and Crocker, Bathsheba N. A Wiser Peace: An Action Strategy for Post Conflict Iraq. Washington, Center for Strategic & International Studies, January 2003. 27 p.
Also available online at: http://www.csis.org/isp/wiserpeace.pdf
Book call no.: 956.70443 B293w

Braude, Joseph. The New Iraq: Rebuilding the Country for It's People, The Middle East, and the World. New York, Basic Books, 2003. 211 p.
Book call no.: 956.7044 B825n

Crane, Conrad C. and Terrill, W. A. Reconstructing Iraq: Insights, Challenges, and Missions for Military Forces in a Post-Conflict Scenario. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College, February 2003. 85 p.
This paper presents some historical insights from past occupations and peace operations, provides some additional analysis of the unique requirements involved in remaking Iraq, and develops a detailed list of potential tasks to help contemporary military commanders plan for post-conflict operations there.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA412663
Book call no.: 956.70443 C891r

How to Build a New Iraq After Saddam, edited by Patrick Clawson. Washington, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2002. 93 p.
Book call no.: 327.730567 H847

The Middle East Peace Process: Vision Versus Reality, edited by Joseph Ginat, Edward J. Perkins and Edwin G. Corr. Norman, OK, University of Oklahoma Press, 2003. 444 p.
Book call no.: 956.053 M627

Pollack, Kenneth M. After Saddam: Assessing the Reconstruction of Iraq. Washington, Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, January 2004. 35 p. (Analysis Paper)
Also available online at: http://www.brookings.edu/views/papers/pollack/20040107.htm
Book call no.: 956.70443 P771a

Stevens, Dennis G. Challenges to Peace in the Middle East. New York, Longman, 2003. p
Book call no.: 956.054 S844c

United States Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy. Advisory Group on Public Diplomacy for the Arab and Muslim World. Changing Minds Winning Peace: A New Strategic Direction for U.S. Public Diplomacy in the Arab & Muslim World. Washington, U. S. Department of State, October 1, 2003. 80 p.
Report of the Advisory Group on Public Diplomacy for the Arab and Muslim World. Submitted to the Committee on Appropriations. U.S. House of Representatives.
Also available online at: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/24882.pdf
Book call no.: 327.7301767 U58c

Powers, Richard A. An Effective Framework for Stabilization and Reconstruction: Kosovo or Iraq? Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2003. 23 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA420285
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 P8881e

Terrill, W. A. and Crane, Conrad C. Reconstructing Iraq: Challenges and Missions for Military Forces in a Post Conflict Scenario. Carlisle Barracks, PA, U.S. Army War College. Strategic Studies Institute, January 29, 2003. 22 p.
With the winds of war swirling around Iraq, it is time to plan for its post-conflict reconstruction. To assist such planning, this study proposes a construct for identifying the postwar missions to be accomplished following a victory over the Hussein regime and suggests the time phasing for the accomplishment of specific tasks.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA410468
Doc. call no.: M-U 39080-537 C8911r

Turner, Peter N. Nation Building: Installing Democracy in Iraq After Saddam. Newport, RI, Naval War College, 2003. 31 p.
Also available online at: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA415362
Doc. call no.: M-U 41662 T951n

Barnett, Jon, Eggleston, Beth, and Webber, Michael. Peace and Development in Postwar Iraq. Middle East Policy 10:22-32 Fall 2003.
Discusses some of the larger political and economic challenges in reconstructing Iraq in order to foster domestic peace and development.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10734494&db=aph

Barton, Frederick D. and Crocker, Bathsheba. Winning the Peace in Iraq. Washington Quarterly vol. 26, no. 2:7-22 Spring 2003.
Also available online at: http://www.ingentaselect.com/rpsv/cw/mitpress/0163660x/contp1.htm

The Battle Ahead. Current Events 103:1-3 September 19, 2003.
As U.S. troops try to maintain security after the fall of Saddam's government, they must also try to rebuild Iraq's infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and water and power supplies. According to Paul Bremer, civil administrator of the coalition provisional authority, the bill to fix Iraq's utilities could reach $30 billion. He says it's almost impossible to exaggerate the country's economic needs.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10789013&db=aph

Bonsor, Nicholas. Post Conflict Peace Making From Bosnia to Iraq: Lessons Which Should Be Learnt. Contemporary Review 284:129-138 March 2004.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=12498729&db=aph

Bryane, Michael. Loosing Iraq By Failing to Rebuild It. World & I 18:38-43 October 2003.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10928012&db=mth

Byman, Daniel. Building a New Iraq: The Role of Intervening Forces. Survival vol. 45 no. 2:57-71 June 1, 2003.
Occupying Iraq will be more difficult than conquering it. Intervening forces face a gamut of daunting tasks: ensuring order, ending Iraq's weapons-of-mass-destruction programmes, helping Iraqis build a power-sharing system, reforming Iraq's military and transforming the regional security environment. Even if all goes well, Iraq's many problems will take years to resolve. Coalition forces must prepare to keep a large (and expensive) troop presence in the country for many years. Success will require both the careful application of force and diplomacy. Most importantly, Iraqis must play a role to minimize charges of imperialism. Although the burden of occupation is heavy, shirking it will lead to disaster.
Also available online at: http://www.ingentaselect.com/rpsv/ij/oup/00396338/contp1.htm

Carter, Phillip. Faux Pax Americana. Washington Monthly 35:11-13 June 2003.
The lesson from Iraq is that using fewer troops can win a war, but can't keep the peace.
Also available online at: http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9940485&db=aph

Cavallaro, Gina. Securing and Stabilizing Kut. Army Times 630:8-9 April 28, 2003.

Curtis, Rob. In Town, It's Kurd vs. Arab and Americans in Between. Army Times 63:24+ May 19, 2003.

Deen, Thalif. Iraq: A UN Role But Not Rule. Jane's Defence Weekly 39:22 April 9, 2003.