Now they will know why they are afraid of the dark.
Now they will learn why they fear the night.
--- Thulsa Doom, in "Conan"
USSOCOM - supported command and supporting command
- From 7 Jan 2003 SECDEF news briefing
Over the past year, men and women in uniform have done a truly remarkable job, notwithstanding the fact that the Department of Defense is, for the most part, still organized, trained and equipped to fight armies, navies and air forces, not to target small cells or even individual terrorists. One of our most important goals, then, is to transform for the 21st century, and one of the key areas where we're doing so is in the U.S. Special Operations Command. In Afghanistan and elsewhere, we've seen the indispensable role that Special Operation Forces have and are currently playing.
Today we're taking a number of steps to strengthen the U.S. Special Operations Command so it can make even greater contributions to the global war on terror. In the 2004 budget, we are requesting an increase in Special Operations Command's budgets; that added funds are needed to pay for equipment losses that occurred in Afghanistan and elsewhere, and for additional equipment as well as additional forces. Some of those new troops will be assigned to the Army's 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, which specializes in flying combat forces behind enemy lines.
Others are needed for operational planning and will be assigned to the Special Operations Command and the regional theater command headquarters.
Special Operations Command will function as both a supported and a supporting command. Since 1987 the Special Operations Command has been organized as a supporting command, meaning it provides warriors and materiel to the various regional combatant commanders, who then plan and direct missions. By organizing at SOCOM headquarters in Tampa, as well as at smaller theater Special Operations commands in regional theaters, the Special Operations Command will have the tools it will need to plan and execute missions in support of the global war on terror. This expanded operational role will be in addition to the current role it plays as a supporting command.
The Special Operations Command will also continue its efforts to work with the various geographic unified combatant commands and U.S. allies to disrupt and dismantle terrorist networks. To assist it in its expanded mission, over time, the Special Operations command will be divested of various missions, such as routine foreign military training and civil support, that can be successfully accomplished by other forces, U.S. forces and/or agencies.
The global nature of the war, the nature of the enemy and the need for fast, efficient operations in hunting down and rooting out terrorist networks around the world have all contributed to the need for an expanded role for the Special Operations forces. We are transforming that command to meet that need.
General Sources
These are NOT official sites. We link to them for educational curiosity. Our links do NOT imply any endorsement or verification of information found at these sites or any others on this or other web pages of our overall website. If you are doing research, we suggest you always verify any items you may find mentioned on ANY site (official or unofficial).
- Special Operations.Com, units, history, the works
- Global SpecOps, with stuff on AF, Army, Navy, and International Special Ops -- use the navigation menu or the site map to go to the section you want
- Specwarnet, special warfare info and links
- Special Forces Search Engine
Current or Recent Use
Joint Resources
- DoD Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict (SO/LIC) web site
Posture Statement
- U.S. Special Operations Forces Posture Statement - 2003-2004 (12.5 Mb)
(Local copy, 4.8 Mb, slightly reduced graphics resolution from original on DefenseLink site)
- U.S. Special Operations Forces Posture Statement - 2000
- U.S. Special Operations Forces Posture Statement - 1998
- JP 3-05, Doctrine for Joint Special Operations
- JP 3-05.3, Joint Special Operations Operational Procedures
- JP 3-05.5, Joint Special Operations Targeting and Mission Planning Procedures
- JP 3-07, Joint Doctrine for Military Operations Other Than War
- JP 3-53, Doctrine for Joint Psychological Operations
- See other Operational Joint Pubs, with many impacting on Special Ops
- U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM)
- Special Operations Acquisition and Logistics Center, USSOCOM
- Special Operations Command Europe (SOCEUR)
- Special Operations Command, Central (SOCCENT)
- Special Operations Command, Pacific (SOCPAC)
- Joint Special Operations University (JSOU) (check under tenant units)
- Joint Special Operations University prepares to educate SOF world (Local copy), 30 Aug 2000 Air Force News article
- Special Operations Forces Reference Manual, 1998 version (Local copy)
- Chapter 4, Special Operations Forces, 1998 Annual Defense Report
Army Resources
- HQ USASOC Special Operations Forces Information
- FM 1-108 Doctrine for Army Special Operations Aviation Forces
- FM 31-20 Doctrine for Special Forces Operations and rest of 31-20 series
- FM 33-1 Psychological Ops, and FM 33-1-1 Psychological Ops Techniques and Procedures
- U.S. Army Special Operations Command, Ft Bragg, points of contact
- JFK Special Warfare Center and School
- Religious Factors in Special Operations, summary of a course taught at the JFK Special Warfare Center and School, academic use only and not official policy (Local Copy, 43K .doc file)
- The Ranger Training Brigade, Ft Benning
- 4th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne)
- Strategic Studies Detachment(s)
- 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne), Ft Campbell
- 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne), "Night Stalkers" at Ft Campbell
- U.S. Army Research Institute (ARI) products - see also ARI decision making products
- History of the American Ranger, hosted by Ft Benning
- Special Operations: a Selected Bibliography, U.S. Army War College Library
- U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II, from CMH with maps/pics, great book
- The U.S. Army and Irregular Warfare, by John M.
Gates
Navy & Marine Resources
Air Force Resources
Federal, Non-military
International Resources
- Creating a NATO Special Operations Force (local copy), by Gompert and Smith, Defense Horizons number 52, Mar 2006
- Special Operations.Com Guide to International Special Operations and Counterterrorist Forces
- Global SpecOps resource site
- Foreign Special Operations Forces from the Special Warfare Bulletin, quarterly "Professional Bulletin of the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School" - archived articles on foreign special ops, going back to 1992 -- posted by FMSO
- Foreign Special Operations Forces, from the Spring 2000 issue of Special Warfare bulletin of the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, as posted at FMSO
- Unofficial site on Australian Special Forces
- Peacekeeping Training Centers, by U.N., sorted by country
- Spetsnaz - Soviet Innovation in Special Forces, by Boyd, in Air University Review, Nov-Dec 1986
- Grenzschutzgruppe 9 (GSG-9), German counterterrorist unit -- factsheet from the Terrorism Research Center
Schools and Courses
Special Ops History
- HQ USASOC Special Operations Forces Information
- The Praetorian STARShip - The Untold Story of the Combat Talon, by Thigpen, covering 1965-2000
- Apollo’s Warriors - US Air Force Special Operations
during the Cold War, by Haas, pub. AU Press
- Special Operations.Com Guide to International Special Operations, Counterterrorist and Hostage Rescue Forces, by country
- Sun Tzu on the Art of War, local copy of 1910 translation by Lionel Giles
- History of the American Ranger, hosted by Ft Benning
- Vietnam Studies: U.S. Army Special Forces 1961-1971
- U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II, from CMH with maps/pics, great book
- Special Operations: a Selected Bibliography, U.S. Army War College Library
- Military Assistance Command Vietnam - Studies and Observation Group (MACV-SOG
), hosted by SpecialOperations.com, including stories, photos, Tailwind, etc.
- Book: SOG: The Secret Wars of America's Commandos in Vietnam, by Plaster
- Vietnamese Commandos Compensation Commission (VCCC) home page
- About the VCCC, includes mention of the Military Assistance Command Vietnam Special Operations Group (later changed to "Studies and Observations Group")(MACVSOG)
- Operation Tailwind, Defense Department review, 1998 discussion of allegations Special Forces and Air Force aircraft assaulted Laos village with nerve gas in September 1970
- Operation Tailwind, Air Force History Report, discussion of allegations Special Forces and Air Force aircraft assaulted Laos village with nerve gas in September 1970
- Surprised at Tet: U.S. Naval Forces in Vietnam, 1968, including mention of roles played by special forces, such as use of SEALS for intel gathering
- The Harbor Site, stories, essays, pictures, maps, and other material related to U.S. Army Special Forces, SOG (Special Operations Group), Marine Corps Reconnaissance Units, Navy SEAL, and other small unit, independent action forces that operated in Vietnam
Bibliographies
Publications & Research
- Foreign Special Operations Forces from the Special Warfare Bulletin, quarterly "Professional Bulletin of the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School" - archived articles on foreign special ops, going back to 1992 -- posted by FMSO
- Small Wars Journal, unofficial -- "designed as an online aid and web portal for members of United States, allied and coalition military services" -- formerly known as Urban Operations Journal, and before that as the Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) Homepage
- U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II, from CMH with maps/pics, great book
- Ends Versus Means: The 6th Special Operations Squadron and the Icarus Syndrome, by Johnson, for Air Chronicles
- Sampling of AU research papers
- Between Iraq and a Hard Place Fighting Guerrilla Warfare in the Air, AWC paper, 2001
- Commando Vision 21: A Strategic Vision for Air Force Special Operations Command, AWC paper, 1997
- An Assessment Of Assessment: Is Selective Manning Right for USAF Special Operations Aircrew?, AWC paper, 1995
- Asymmetric Warfare--Exposing America's Weakness, ACSC paper, 2003
- The Casualty Care Interface Between the Air Force Medical Service and Air Force Special Operations Forces, ACSC paper, 2002
- Non-Lethal Weaponry: Applications to AC-130 Gunships, ACSC paper, 2002
- Robotics: Military Applications for Special Operations Forces, ACSC paper, 2000
- Countering North Korean Special Purpose Forces, ACSC paper, 1999
- Educating Company Grade Officers in Military Operations Other Than War, ACSC paper, 1999
- The Cinderella Front: Allied Special Air Operations In Yugoslavia During World War II, ACSC paper, 1997
- The DOD Humanitarian and Civic Assistance Program: Concepts, Trends, Medical Challenges, ACSC paper, 1997
- Special Air Missions: A Roadmap For The 21st Century, ACSC paper, 1997
- Planning for Psychological Operations: A Proposal, ACSC paper, 1997
- Assessing the Long-Term Health Benefits of Medical Humanitarian Civic Assistance Missions, ACSC paper, 1997
- The Special Osprey: Impact on Special Operations Doctrine, SAAS paper, 1996
- Special Operations Forces and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Sooner or Later?, SAAS paper, 1995
- See also References, especially DoD Periodicals and Research
Psychological Operations
MOUT - Urban Ops
Miscellaneous
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