| Program |
Agency |
Assistance Provided |
Activating Mechanism |
Eligibility |
| Emergency Haying and Grazing |
Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Farm Service
Agency (FSA) |
Emergency authority to harvest hay or to graze land devoted
to conservation and environmental uses under the Conservation Reserve Program. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Emergency Loans |
USDA, FSA |
Low-interest loans to family farmers and ranchers
for production losses and physical damage. |
PD; designated by Secretary of Agriculture
or Administrator, FSA (physical losses only). |
I/B |
| Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program |
USDA, FSA |
Direct payments to reduce financial losses resulting
from a natural disaster that causes production loss or prevents planting
of crops grown commercially for food or fiber, for which Federal crop insurance
is not available. |
AWD |
I |
| Emergency Conservation Program |
USDA, FSA |
Cost-share payments to rehabilitate farmlands damaged
by natural disasters and to carry out emergency water conservation or water-enhancing
measures during times of severe drought, in cases when the damage or drought
is so severe that Federal assistance is necessary. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Agricultural Marketing Transition Act (AMTA) Program |
USDA, FSA |
Direct payments to eligible producers of program crops
that comply with AMTA requirements. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) |
USDA, FSA |
Voluntary program that offers annual rental payments,
incentive payments for certain activities, and cost-share assistance to
establish approved cover on eligible cropland. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Farm Operation Loans |
USDA, FSA |
Loans and loan guarantees to be used for farm operating
costs. |
N/P |
I |
| Farm Ownership Loans |
USDA, FSA |
Direct loans, guaranteed loans, and technical assistance
for farmers in acquiring or enlarging farms or ranches; making capital
improvements; promoting soil and water conservation; and paying closing
costs. |
AWD |
I |
| Emergency Food Assistance (Emergency Food Stamp and Food
Commodity Program) |
USDA, Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) |
Direct payments to States for specified uses. |
PD; declaration by the Secretary of Agriculture. |
S/I |
| Food Distribution |
USDA, FNS |
Donations of USDA-purchased food. |
PD; declaration by Secretary of Agriculture and compliance
with eligibility criteria. |
F/S/L/N |
| Emergency Watershed Protection (EWP) |
USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service
(NRCS) |
Direct payments and technical assistance to install structural
and nonstructural measures to relieve imminent threats to life and/or property,
and to purchase floodplain easements. Technical assistance such as
site evaluations, design work, and installation inspections also are provided
through the program. |
AWD; triggered by NRCS State Conservationist. |
S/L/N/B/I |
| Water
Resources |
USDA, NRCS |
Project grants for the installation of preventive measures
such as dams, channels, flood warning systems, purchasing easements, floodplain
delineation, and land treatment. Advisory and counseling services
also are available. |
N/P |
S/L/N |
| Resource Conservation and
Development (RC&D) |
USDA, NRCS |
Technical assistance and loans to finance local project
costs. Projects may include land and water conservation, resource
improvements, recreational development, and waste disposal projects. |
AWD |
L/N |
| River Basin Project |
USDA, NRCS |
Technical assistance. Special priority is given
to projects designed to solve problems of upstream rural community flooding,
water quality improvement that comes from agricultural nonpoint sources,
wetlands preservation, and drought management for agricultural and rural
communities. Special emphasis is placed on helping State agencies
develop strategic water resource plans. |
AWD; triggered by NRCS State Conservationist. |
F/S/L |
| Soil Survey |
USDA, NRCS |
Technical assistance. Objective is to maintain
up-to-date, published surveys (and soil survey data in other formats) of
counties or other areas of comparable size for use by interested agencies,
organizations, and individuals; and to assist in the use of this information. |
N/P |
S/L/N/B/I |
| Federal Crop Insurance Program |
USDA, Risk Management Agency (RMA) |
Direct payments of insurance claims.
Insurance against unavoidable causes of loss such as adverse weather conditions,
fire, insects, or other natural disasters beyond the producer’s control. |
No activating mechanism is needed, but availability
is based on crop-specific sales, closing dates, and the availability of
crops in particular counties. |
I |
| Business and Industrial Loan Program (B&I) |
USDA, Rural Business Service |
Guaranteed and direct loans up to $10 million.
Possible disaster uses include drilling wells, purchasing water, or tying
into other water programs. |
AWD |
B/N/T and public bodies |
| Farm Labor Housing and Grants |
USDA, Rural Housing Service (RHS) |
Loans and grants to provide housing and related facilities
for domestic farmers. |
No deadlines. |
I/B |
| Rural Housing Site Loans |
USDA, RHS |
Loans for the purchase and development of housing and
necessary equipment that becomes a permanent part of the development (e.g.,
water and sewer lines). |
AWD |
N |
| Rural Rental Housing Loans |
USDA, RHS |
Loans for the purchase, building, or repair of rental
housing. Funds can also be used to provide water and waste disposal
systems. |
AWD |
I/S/L/B |
| Emergency Community Water Assistance Grants
(ECWAG) |
USDA, Rural Utilities Service (RUS) |
Project grants to help rural residents obtain
adequate water supplies. |
PD |
S/L/N |
| Water and Waste Disposal Loans and Grants |
USDA, RUS |
Project grants and direct and guaranteed loans to develop,
replace, or repair water and waste disposal systems in rural areas and
towns having populations of 10,000 or less. |
AWD |
L/N/T |
| Voluntary Organizations Recovery Assistance |
American Red Cross, Mennonite Disaster Service,
Salvation Army, and member organizations of the National Voluntary Organizations
Active in Disaster |
Mass care (shelter and feeding), welfare inquiries, health
and mental health services, child care, home repairs (labor and funding),
emergency communications, debris removal, burn services, cleaning supplies,
personal property, distribution of supplies, transportation, loan personnel,
and other specialized programs and services. |
Disaster event. |
I |
| Economic Adjustment Program —Disaster Economic
Recovery Assistance |
Dept. of Commerce (DOC), Economic Development
Administration (EDA) |
Planning and technical assistance grants to State and
local governments for strategic recovery planning and implementation to
focus on job retention/creation to help offset the economic impacts of
a major disaster. |
PD; requires supplemental appropriation (SA). |
S/L/N/T |
| Economic Adjustment Program — Disaster
Economic Recovery Assistance |
DOC, EDA |
Revolving loan fund grants to State and local governments
to provide a source of local financing to support business and economic
recovery after a major disaster where other financing is insufficient or
unavailable. |
PD; SA |
S/L/N/T |
| Economic Adjustment Program — Disaster
Economic Recovery Assistance |
DOC, EDA |
Infrastructure construction grants to address local recovery
implementation needs for new or improved publicly owned infrastructure
after a major disaster, support job creation and retention, leverage private
investment, and help accelerate and safeguard the overall economic recovery
of the disaster-impacted area. |
PD; SA |
S/L/N/T |
| Corporation for National Service (CNS) Programs |
CNS |
Volunteers of all ages/backgrounds provide short/long-term
response and recovery assistance. They are available through the
community or national deployment. |
PD |
F/S/N/T |
| Beach Erosion Control Projects |
Dept. of Defense (DOD), U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE) |
Specialized services. USACE designs
and constructs the project. |
Decision of the Chief of Engineers. |
S/L |
| Emergency Rehabilitation of Flood Control Works or Federally
Authorized Coastal Protection Works |
DOD, USACE |
Specialized services to assist in the repair
and restoration of public works damaged by flood, extraordinary wind, wave,
or water action. |
Approval by
HQUSACE. |
S/L/N/I |
| Emergency Water Supply and Drought Assistance
Programs |
DOD, USACE |
Emergency supplies of clean drinking water
for human consumption and construction of wells. |
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil
Works designates the area as “drought distressed.” |
L |
| Flood and Post-Flood Response, Emergency Operations |
DOD, USACE |
Specialized services, such as flood fighting and rescue,
protection of federally constructed shore or hurricane projects, and postflood
response assistance. |
Designation by USACE district commander. |
S/L |
| Watercourse Navigation: Protecting, Clearing,
and Straightening Channels |
DOD, USACE |
Specialized services, such as clearing or removing unreasonable
obstructions to navigation in rivers, harbors, and other waterways or tributaries. |
Decision of the Chief of Engineers. |
S/L |
| Community Disaster Loan Program |
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) |
Program provides loans not greater than 25% of the local
government’s annual operating budget. |
PD |
L |
| Cora C. Brown Fund |
FEMA |
Grants to disaster victims for unmet disaster-related
needs. |
PD, designation for individual assistance. |
I |
| Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training
Program (CCP) |
FEMA; Dept. of Health and Human Services (HHS) |
Grants to States providing for short-term
counseling services to disaster victims. |
Governor’s request. |
I, via S |
| Fire Suppression Assistance Program |
FEMA |
Project grants. FEMA approves a grant to a State
on the condition that the State takes measures to mitigate natural hazards,
including consideration of nonstructural alternatives. |
Decision by FEMA. |
S |
| Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) |
FEMA |
Project grants to implement hazard mitigation plans and
prevent future loss of lives and property. |
PD |
L/N, via S |
| Individual and Family Grant (IFG) Program |
FEMA |
Grants to individuals administered by the State.
Objective is to provide funds for the expenses of disaster victims that
cannot be met through insurance or other assistance programs. |
PD, designation for individual assistance.
Requires specific request by State Governor. |
I, via S |
| Legal Services |
FEMA |
Free legal advice and referrals. Assistance includes
help with insurance claims, counseling on landlord-tenant and mortgage
problems, assistance with home repair contracts and consumer protection
matters, replacement of legal documents, estate administration, preparation
of guardianships and conservatorships, and referrals. |
PD, designation for individual assistance. |
I |
| National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) |
FEMA |
Insurance benefits against losses from floods, mudflow,
or flood-related erosion. |
AWD |
I/B/S |
| NFIP, Community Assistance Program |
FEMA |
Grants to States for technical assistance
to resolve floodplain management issues. |
AWD |
S/L |
| Public Assistance Program |
FEMA |
Project grants. Funds can be used for clearing
debris, emergency measures, and repairing or replacing damaged structures,
roads, utilities, public buildings, and infrastructure. |
PD, designation for public assistance. |
L/N, via S |
| Disaster Housing Program |
FEMA |
Direct-payment grants and services. Grants include
transient accommodation reimbursement, and home repair, rental, and mortgage
assistance. Services may include a mobile home. |
PD, designation for individual assistance. |
I |
| Regulatory Relief for Federally Insured Financial
Institutions |
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
and other Federal regulatory agencies |
Specialized services. Supervisory agencies
can grant regulatory relief to insured institutions. Regulatory relief
includes lending assistance, extensions of reporting and publishing requirements,
waivers from appraisal regulations, and implementation of consumer protection
laws. |
PD; other disaster that affects the ability
of a federally insured financial institution to provide normal services. |
N/B |
| Donation of Federal Surplus Personal Property |
General Services Administration (GSA) |
Donations of surplus personal property to eligible recipients. |
N/P |
S/L/N/public airports. |
| Disposal of Federal Surplus Real Property |
GSA |
Sale, exchange, or donations of property and
goods. |
N/P |
S/L/N |
| Disaster Assistance for Older
Americans |
HHS,
Administration on Aging |
Direct payments to State agencies focused on aging-related
services. |
PD |
I, via S |
| Mental Health Disaster Assistance |
HHS, Public Health Service |
Project grants to provide emergency mental
health and substance abuse counseling to individuals affected by a major
disaster. |
Supplemental appropriation by Congress relating
to PD. |
I, via S |
| Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program
— Entitlement Grants |
Dept. of Housing and Urban Development (HUD),
Community Planning and Development (CPD) |
Formula grants to entitlement communities.
Preferred use of funding is for long-term needs, but funding may also be
used for emergency response activities. |
Supplemental appropriation by Congress relating
to PD. |
L |
| CDBG — State’s Program |
HUD, CPD |
Formula grants to States for non-entitlement communities.
Preferred use of funding is for long-term needs, but funding may also be
used for emergency response activities. States establish methods
of fund distribution. |
Supplemental appropriation by Congress relating
to PD. |
L, via S |
| Mortgage Insurance for Disaster Victims Program
(Section 203 (h)) |
HUD |
Provides mortgage insurance to protect lenders
against the risk of default on loans to qualified disaster victims whose
homes are located in a presidentially designated disaster area and were
destroyed, requiring reconstruction/replacement. Insured loans may
be used to finance the purchase or reconstruction of a one-family home
that will be the principal residence of the homeowner. |
PD |
I |
| Reclamation States Emergency Drought Relief Act of 1991 |
Dept. of the Interior (DOI), Bureau of Reclamation |
Loans, grants, use of facilities, construction, management
and conservation activities, and purchase of water for resale or for fish
and wildlife services. Temporary drought assistance may include the
drilling of wells, installation of equipment, improved reporting of conditions. |
Request for drought assistance and approval by Commissioner
of Reclamation. |
F/S/N/I |
| Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) |
Dept. of Labor (DOL); FEMA |
Direct payments of DUA benefits and reemployment assistance
services. Objective is to provide assistance to individuals who are
ineligible for regular unemployment compensation programs and who are left
jobless after a major disaster. |
PD, designation for individual assistance.
PD may be limited to DUA only. |
I, via S |
| Employment: Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA),
National Reserve Emergency Dislocation Grants |
DOL, Employment and Training Administration |
Program provides States with grant money to
provide individuals with temporary jobs and/or employment assistance. |
PD |
I, via S |
| Price-Anderson Act |
American Nuclear Insurers and Nuclear Regulatory
Commission (NRC) (for commercial nuclear power plants); Dept. of Energy
(for DOE facilities) |
Payment of liability claims that arise from a nuclear
power reactor accident. Insurance-provided assistance may compensate
victims for increased living expenses after an evacuation, unemployment,
business losses, environmental cleanup, reduced property values, and costs
associated from bodily injury. |
AWD |
I |
| Price-Anderson Act |
NRC |
Insurance reimburses States and municipalities for costs
necessarily incurred in providing emergency food, shelter, transportation,
or police services in evacuating the public after a nuclear power reactor
accident. |
AWD |
S/L |
| Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDLs) |
Small Business Administration (SBA) |
Direct long-term, low-interest loans to small businesses
and agricultural cooperatives. Loans are only available to applicants
with no credit available elsewhere, and the maximum amount of an EIDL is
$1.5 million. |
PD; declaration of a disaster by the Secretary
of Agriculture and/or SBA-declared disaster. |
B |
| Physical Disaster Loans (Business) |
SBA |
Direct long-term, low-interest loans to businesses and
nonprofit organizations. Loans provided to repair or replace uninsured
property damages caused by disasters. Loans limited to $1.5 million. |
PD or SBA declaration. |
N/B |
| Physical Disaster Loans (Individual) |
SBA |
Direct long-term, low-interest loans to homeowners and
renters to repair or replace uninsured damages caused by disasters to real
and personal property. Loan amounts limited to $200,000 to repair
or replace real estate, and to $40,000 to repair or replace personal property. |
PD or SBA declaration. |
I |
| Social Security Assistance |
Social Security Administration (SSA) |
Advisory and counseling services to process SSA survivor
claims, assist in obtaining necessary evidence for claim processing, resolve
problems involving lost or destroyed SSA checks, and reprocess lost or
destroyed pending claims. |
PD; AWD |
I |
| International Donations |
Dept. of State |
Donations including goods and cash. |
Request for international coordination assistance
from FEMA’s Donations Coordinator. |
I |
| Transportation: Emergency Relief Program |
Dept. of Transportation (DOT), Federal Highway
Administration (FHWA) |
Formula and project grants to repair roads. FHWA
can provide: (1) up to $100 million in funding to a State for each natural
disaster or catastrophic failure; and (2) up to $20 million in funding
per year for each U.S. territory. Special legislation may increase
the $100 million per State limit. |
PD; AWD |
F/S |
| Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Refund |
Dept. of the Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco, and Firearms |
Specialized services to provide Federal alcohol
and tobacco excise tax refunds to businesses that lost assets in a disaster. |
PD |
B |
| Savings Bonds Replacement or Redemption |
Treasury, Bureau of Public Debt |
Specialized services. Bureau of Public
Debt expedites replacement of U.S. Savings Bonds lost or destroyed as a
result of a disaster. |
PD |
I |
| Taxes: Disaster Assistance Program |
Treasury, Internal Revenue Service (IRS) |
Advisory and counseling services. IRS provides
information about casualty loss deductions, claim procedures, and reconstruction
of lost financial records. |
PD |
I/B |
| Forbearance on VA Home Loans |
Dept. of Veterans Affairs (VA) |
Encourage lenders to extend forbearance to any borrowers
who have VA home loans and who are in distress as a result of disaster;
provide incentives to such lenders. |
PD |
I |
| Coastal Zone Management; Hazards, Environmental
Recovery, and Mitigation |
DOC, National Oceanic and Atmosphieric Administration
(NOAA) |
Assistance to State and local governments
in mitigation and recovery/restoration planning, postevent permitting assistance,
water-level data for storm-surge and flooding prediction and mitigation. |
PD for postevent; AWD from coastal State(s)
for pre-event planning. |
S |
| Re-establishing Local Survey Networks |
DOC, NOAA |
Provision of survey mark data to local and
State agencies for re-establishing their geodetic control networks; re-establishment
of national network if warranted. |
PD; AWD depending on funding availability. |
S/L |
| Coastal Zone Management Administration Awards |
DOC, NOAA |
Grants to States for the management of coastal
development to protect life and property from coastal hazards. |
AWD requires supplemental appropriation by
Congress relating to PD for poststorm coastal hazard mitigation and recovery
activities. |
S/L/T via S |
| Coastal Zone Management Fund |
DOC, NOAA |
Emergency grants to State coastal zone management
agencies to address unforeseen or disaster-related circumstances. |
AWD subject to amounts provided in appropriation
acts. No funds currently appropriated. |
S/L/T via S |
| Technical Support |
DOC, NOAA, National Weather Service |
Technical assistance for weather, water, and
climate warning systems and critical information dissemination systems.
Poststorm data acquisition activities. |
AWD |
F/S/L/N/T |
| Technical Support |
DOC, National Institute of Standards and Technology |
Disaster damage surveys, assistance in procurement
of consulting services, evaluation of structural and fire performance of
buildings and lifelines. |
Federally declared disasters to buildings
and lifelines, on cost-reimbursable basis. |
F/S/L |
